โดยพลการ

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Thai

Etymology

From โดย (dooi, “by”) +‎ พลการ (pá-lá-gaan).

Pronunciation

Orthographicโดยพลการ
o ɗ y b l k ā r
Phonemic
โดย-พะ-ละ-กาน
o ɗ y – b a – l a – k ā n
RomanizationPaiboondooi-pá-lá-gaan
Royal Institutedoi-pha-la-kan
(standard) IPA(key)/doːj˧.pʰa˦˥.la˦˥.kaːn˧/(R)

Adjective

โดยพลการ • (dooi-pá-lá-gaan)

  1. arbitrary or lacking due authorisation.
  2. (obsolete) done on one's own initiative.

Adverb

โดยพลการ • (dooi-pá-lá-gaan)

  1. arbitrarily or without due authorisation.
  2. (obsolete) on one's own initiative.
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