ἱστός

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See also: ιστός and -ιστος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Related to ἵστημι (hístēmi), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ῐ̔στός • (histós) m (genitive ῐ̔στοῦ); second declension

  1. mast
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 15.289:
      ἱστὸν δ’ εἰλάτινον κοίλης ἔντοσθε μεσόδμης στῆσαν ἀείραντες
      històn d’ eilátinon koílēs éntosthe mesódmēs stêsan aeírantes
      The mast of fir they raised and set in the hollow socket.
  2. shinbone
  3. an (unknown) constellation
    • 400 CE – 600 CE, Aëtius, Sixteen Books on Medicine 3.164
  4. (weaving) beam (of a loom; see usage notes)
  5. (weaving) loom
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.491:
      ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσα τὰ σ’ αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε ἱστόν τ’ ἠλακάτην τε
      all’ eis oîkon ioûsa tà s’ autês érga kómize histón t’ ēlakátēn te
      Nay, go thou to the house and busy thyself with thine own tasks, the loom and the distaff.
  6. (weaving) web
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.125:
      τὴν δ’ εὗρ’ ἐν μεγάρῳ: ἣ δὲ μέγαν ἱστὸν ὕφαινε δίπλακα πορφυρέην
      tḕn d’ heûr’ en megárōi: hḕ dè mégan històn húphaine díplaka porphuréēn
      She found Helen in the hall, where she was weaving a great purple web of double fold.

Usage notes

Unlike modern looms, the beam of an Ancient Greek loom stood upright.

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ῐ̔στός; τοῦ ῐ̔στοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ ῐ̔στός
ho histós 		τὼ ῐ̔στώ
tṑ histṓ 		οἱ ῐ̔στοί
hoi histoí
Genitive τοῦ ῐ̔στοῦ
toû histoû 		τοῖν ῐ̔στοῖν
toîn histoîn 		τῶν ῐ̔στῶν
tôn histôn
Dative τῷ ῐ̔στῷ
tôi histôi 		τοῖν ῐ̔στοῖν
toîn histoîn 		τοῖς ῐ̔στοῖς
toîs histoîs
Accusative τὸν ῐ̔στόν
tòn histón 		τὼ ῐ̔στώ
tṑ histṓ 		τοὺς ῐ̔στούς
toùs histoús
Vocative ῐ̔στέ
histé 		ῐ̔στώ
histṓ 		ῐ̔στοί
histoí
Notes:

Derived terms

Descendants

  • English: histo-
  • Greek: ιστός m (istós, “mast, loom, web”)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἱστός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 602

Further reading

  • “ἱστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἱστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “ἱστός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἱστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ἱστός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “ἱστός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
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