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Japanese

Kanji in this term
仕
つかまつ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Etymology 1

Shift from 仕(つか)う奉(まつ)る (tsukaumatsuru).

Alternative forms

  • (verb): 仕(つこうまつ)る (tsukōmatsuru)
  • (suffix): 仕(つこうまつ)る (-tsukōmatsuru)

Pronunciation

Verb

仕(つかまつ)る • (tsukamatsuru) intransitive godan (stem 仕(つかまつ)り (tsukamatsuri), past 仕(つかまつ)った (tsukamatsutta))

  1. (humble) to serve, to do
Usage notes

Depending on context, 仕(つかまつ)る (tsukamatsuru) may be roughly synonymous with する (suru, “to do”), 行(おこな)う (okonau, “to carry out, to do”) or 仕(つか)える (tsukaeru, “to serve”).

Conjugation
Conjugation of "仕る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 仕ら つかまつら tsukamatsura
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 仕り つかまつり tsukamatsuri
Shūshikei ("terminal") 仕る つかまつる tsukamatsuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 仕る つかまつる tsukamatsuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 仕れ つかまつれ tsukamatsure
Meireikei ("imperative") 仕れ つかまつれ tsukamatsure
Key constructions
Passive 仕られる つかまつられる tsukamatsurareru
Causative 仕らせる
仕らす 		つかまつらせる
つかまつらす 		tsukamatsuraseru
tsukamatsurasu
Potential 仕れる つかまつれる tsukamatsureru
Volitional 仕ろう つかまつろう tsukamatsurō
Negative 仕らない つかまつらない tsukamatsuranai
Negative continuative 仕らず つかまつらず tsukamatsurazu
Formal 仕ります つかまつります tsukamatsurimasu
Perfective 仕った つかまつった tsukamatsutta
Conjunctive 仕って つかまつって tsukamatsutte
Hypothetical conditional 仕れば つかまつれば tsukamatsureba

Suffix

仕(つかまつ)る • (-tsukamatsuru) 

  1. (humble) to offer, to do
    Synonyms: 申し上げる, 致す
Usage notes

Attach after the stem of a verb, such as 拝見仕(はいけんつかまつ)る (haiken tsukamatsuru) or お送(おく)り仕(つかまつ)る (o okuri tsukamatsuru)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
仕
つこうまつ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Shift from 仕へ奉る, by attaching 奉(まつ)る (matsuru) to the verb 仕ふ.

Verb

仕(つこうまつ)る • (tsukōmatsuru) intransitive godan (stem 仕(つこうまつ)り (tsukōmatsuri), past 仕(つこうまつ)った (tsukōmatsutta))

  1. alternative form of 仕る (tsukamatsuru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "仕る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 仕ら つこうまつら tsukōmatsura
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 仕り つこうまつり tsukōmatsuri
Shūshikei ("terminal") 仕る つこうまつる tsukōmatsuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 仕る つこうまつる tsukōmatsuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 仕れ つこうまつれ tsukōmatsure
Meireikei ("imperative") 仕れ つこうまつれ tsukōmatsure
Key constructions
Passive 仕られる つこうまつられる tsukōmatsurareru
Causative 仕らせる
仕らす 		つこうまつらせる
つこうまつらす 		tsukōmatsuraseru
tsukōmatsurasu
Potential 仕れる つこうまつれる tsukōmatsureru
Volitional 仕ろう つこうまつろう tsukōmatsurō
Negative 仕らない つこうまつらない tsukōmatsuranai
Negative continuative 仕らず つこうまつらず tsukōmatsurazu
Formal 仕ります つこうまつります tsukōmatsurimasu
Perfective 仕った つこうまつった tsukōmatsutta
Conjunctive 仕って つこうまつって tsukōmatsutte
Hypothetical conditional 仕れば つこうまつれば tsukōmatsureba

Suffix

仕(つこうまつ)る • (-tsukōmatsuru) 

  1. alternative form of 仕る (-tsukamatsuru)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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