侮る

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
侮
あなど
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
侮る (kyūjitai)

Possibly a shift from あなずる (anazuru) below.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

侮(あなど)る • (anadoru) transitive godan (stem 侮(あなど)り (anadori), past 侮(あなど)った (anadotta))

  1. belittle, underestimate, make light of
    Synonyms: 舐める (nameru), みくびる (mikubiru)
    Antonyms: 買い被る (kaikaburu, “to overestimate”), おそれる (osoreru, “to fear”)
    子(こ)供(ども)を侮(あなど)るな。
    Kodomo o anadoru na.
    Don't make light of children.
  2. contemn, despise, look down on
    Synonyms: 蔑む (sagesumu), 見下す (mikudasu), 軽蔑する (keibetsu suru)
    Antonym: 敬う (uyamayu, “to revere”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "侮る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 侮ら あなどら anadora
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 侮り あなどり anadori
Shūshikei ("terminal") 侮る あなどる anadoru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 侮る あなどる anadoru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 侮れ あなどれ anadore
Meireikei ("imperative") 侮れ あなどれ anadore
Key constructions
Passive 侮られる あなどられる anadorareru
Causative 侮らせる
侮らす 		あなどらせる
あなどらす 		anadoraseru
anadorasu
Potential 侮れる あなどれる anadoreru
Volitional 侮ろう あなどろう anadorō
Negative 侮らない あなどらない anadoranai
Negative continuative 侮らず あなどらず anadorazu
Formal 侮ります あなどります anadorimasu
Perfective 侮った あなどった anadotta
Conjunctive 侮って あなどって anadotte
Hypothetical conditional 侮れば あなどれば anadoreba

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
侮
あなず
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
侮る (kyūjitai)

Verb

侮(あなず)る • (anazuru) ←あなづる (anaduru)?transitive †yodan

  1. Synonym of 侮る (anadoru)
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "侮る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 侮ら あなづら anadura
Continuative (連用形) 侮り あなづり anaduri
Terminal (終止形) 侮る あなづる anaduru
Attributive (連体形) 侮る あなづる anaduru
Realis (已然形) 侮れ あなづれ anadure
Imperative (命令形) 侮れ あなづれ anadure
Key constructions
Negative 侮らず あなづらず anadurazu
Contrasting conjunction 侮れど あなづれど anaduredo
Causal conjunction 侮れば あなづれば anadureba
Conditional conjunction 侮らば あなづらば anaduraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 侮りき あなづりき anaduriki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 侮りけり あなづりけり anadurikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 侮りつ あなづりつ anaduritu
Perfect tense (natural event) 侮りぬ あなづりぬ anadurinu
Perfect-continuative tense 侮れり
侮りたり		 あなづれり
あなづりたり		 anadureri
anaduritari
Volitional 侮らむ あなづらむ anaduramu

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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