咀嚼
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Chinese
| chew | to chew | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (咀嚼) |
咀 | 嚼 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi2 zoek3
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chú-chio̍k / chír-chio̍k / chó͘-chio̍k
- (Teochew, Peng'im): zu1 ziag4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jǔjué
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyǔjyué
- Wade–Giles: chü3-chüeh2
- Yale: jyǔ-jywé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeujyue
- Palladius: цзюйцзюэ (czjujczjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zeoi2 zoek3
- Yale: jéui jeuk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey2 dzoek8
- Guangdong Romanization: zêu2 zêg3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵy̯³⁵ t͡sœːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-chio̍k
- Tâi-lô: tsú-tsio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zwciok
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír-chio̍k
- Tâi-lô: tsír-tsio̍k
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘-chio̍k
- Tâi-lô: tsóo-tsio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zofciok
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zu1 ziag4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsu tsiak
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³³⁻²³ t͡siak̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
Verb
咀嚼
- to chew; to masticate
- to think over; to mull over; to ponder; to ruminate
- (archaic) to enunciate clearly
- (archaic) to curse; to imprecate
Usage notes
In the term 咀嚼 (jǔjué), the character 嚼 (jiáo) is pronounced jué; however, when used as a character by itself (meaning "to chew"), 嚼 (jiáo) is pronounced jiáo.
Synonyms
- (to chew, to think over): 咬嚼 (yǎojué)
Derived terms
- 咀嚼肌 (jǔjuéjī)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 咀 | 嚼 |
| そ Hyōgai |
しゃく Hyōgai |
| kan'yōon | kan'on |
Pronunciation
Noun
Derived terms
Verb
咀嚼する • (soshaku suru) transitive suru (stem 咀嚼し (soshaku shi), past 咀嚼した (soshaku shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "咀嚼する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 咀嚼し | そしゃくし | soshaku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 咀嚼し | そしゃくし | soshaku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 咀嚼する | そしゃくする | soshaku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 咀嚼する | そしゃくする | soshaku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 咀嚼すれ | そしゃくすれ | soshaku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 咀嚼せよ¹ 咀嚼しろ² |
そしゃくせよ¹ そしゃくしろ² |
soshaku seyo¹ soshaku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 咀嚼される | そしゃくされる | soshaku sareru | |
| Causative | 咀嚼させる 咀嚼さす |
そしゃくさせる そしゃくさす |
soshaku saseru soshaku sasu | |
| Potential | 咀嚼できる | そしゃくできる | soshaku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 咀嚼しよう | そしゃくしよう | soshaku shiyō | |
| Negative | 咀嚼しない | そしゃくしない | soshaku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 咀嚼せず | そしゃくせず | soshaku sezu | |
| Formal | 咀嚼します | そしゃくします | soshaku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 咀嚼した | そしゃくした | soshaku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 咀嚼して | そしゃくして | soshaku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 咀嚼すれば | そしゃくすれば | soshaku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 咀 | 嚼 |