工面

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
工 面
く
Grade: 2 		めん
Grade: 3
goon

Pronunciation

Noun

工(く)面(めん) • (kumen) 

  1. contriving, managing (to do something)
  2. raising (money); gathering resources
    金(かね)の工(く)面(めん)
    kane no kumen
    gathering money; raising funds

Verb

工(く)面(めん)する • (kumen suru) suru (stem 工(く)面(めん)し (kumen shi), past 工(く)面(めん)した (kumen shita))

  1. to manage, to contrive (a means of doing something)
  2. to scrape together (money or other resources)
    食(た)べ物(もの)を工(く)面(めん)する
    tabemono o kumen suru
    scrape up some food
    • 1924, Okamoto Kidō, Kidō gikyoku shū, volume 5, page 342:
      五(ご)両(りょう)あまりといへば大(たい)金(きん)。それをどうして工(く)面(めん)する。
      Go ryō amari to ieba taikin. Sore o dōshite kumen suru.
      At least five ryō is a lot of money. How can we put together that much.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "工面する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 工面し くめんし kumen shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 工面し くめんし kumen shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 工面する くめんする kumen suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 工面する くめんする kumen suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 工面すれ くめんすれ kumen sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 工面せよ¹
工面しろ² 		くめんせよ¹
くめんしろ² 		kumen seyo¹
kumen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 工面される くめんされる kumen sareru
Causative 工面させる
工面さす 		くめんさせる
くめんさす 		kumen saseru
kumen sasu
Potential 工面できる くめんできる kumen dekiru
Volitional 工面しよう くめんしよう kumen shiyō
Negative 工面しない くめんしない kumen shinai
Negative continuative 工面せず くめんせず kumen sezu
Formal 工面します くめんします kumen shimasu
Perfective 工面した くめんした kumen shita
Conjunctive 工面して くめんして kumen shite
Hypothetical conditional 工面すれば くめんすれば kumen sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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