憲法
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Chinese
| statute; constitution | law | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (憲法) | 憲 | 法 | |
| simp. (宪法) | 宪 | 法 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hin3 faat3
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): hṳ̿ing-huă
- Eastern Min (BUC): hióng-huák
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5shi-faq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄈㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siànfǎ
- Wade–Giles: hsien4-fa3
- Yale: syàn-fǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiannfaa
- Palladius: сяньфа (sjanʹfa)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hin3 faat3
- Yale: hin faat
- Cantonese Pinyin: hin3 faat8
- Guangdong Romanization: hin3 fad3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiːn³³ faːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hién-fap
- Hakka Romanization System: hienˋ fabˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hian3 fab5
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯en³¹ fap̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hián-fap
- Hakka Romanization System: hianˋ fabˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hian3 fab5
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯an³¹ fap̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hṳ̿ing-huă
- Sinological IPA (key): /xyiŋ³³ xua²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hióng-huák
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ (h-)ŋuɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Noun
憲法
Synonyms
- (constitution): 大法 (dàfǎ)
- (legal code):
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Zhuang: yenfaz
Verb
憲法
- (literary) to announce a decree
- (literary) to follow the example of; to take as one's model; to pattern after; to imitate
Synonyms
- (to follow the example of):
- 仿效 (fǎngxiào)
- 仿照 (fǎngzhào)
- 仿行 (fǎngxíng)
- 取法 (qǔfǎ)
- 宗法 (zōngfǎ)
- 師匠／师匠 (shījiàng) (literary)
- 師法／师法 (shīfǎ) (literary)
- 憲章／宪章 (xiànzhāng) (Classical Chinese)
- 效仿 (xiàofǎng)
- 效尤 (xiàoyóu) (literary, to mimic wrongdoing)
- 效法 (xiàofǎ)
- 模仿 (mófǎng)
- 步武 (bùwǔ) (literary)
- 法象 (fǎxiàng) (archaic)
- 視／视 (shì) (archaic)
- 範圍／范围 (fànwéi) (Classical Chinese)
- 觀象／观象 (guānxiàng) (literary)
- 遵法 (zūnfǎ) (literary)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 憲 | 法 |
| けん Grade: 6 |
ほう > ぽう Grade: 4 |
| kan'on | |
Etymology
- “constitution”
- Adopted by Mitsukuri Rinsho as a translation of French constitution.[1]
Pronunciation
(until the early modern period[5])
Adjective
憲法 • (kenpō) ←けんぱふ (kenpafu)?-na (adnominal 憲法な (kenpō na), adverbial 憲法に (kenpō ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 憲法
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 憲法だろ | けんぽうだろ | kenpō daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 憲法で | けんぽうで | kenpō de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 憲法だ | けんぽうだ | kenpō da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 憲法な | けんぽうな | kenpō na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 憲法なら | けんぽうなら | kenpō nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 憲法であれ | けんぽうであれ | kenpō de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 憲法ではない 憲法じゃない |
けんぽうではない けんぽうじゃない |
kenpō de wa nai kenpō ja nai |
| Informal past | 憲法だった | けんぽうだった | kenpō datta |
| Informal negative past | 憲法ではなかった 憲法じゃなかった |
けんぽうではなかった けんぽうじゃなかった |
kenpō de wa nakatta kenpō ja nakatta |
| Formal | 憲法です | けんぽうです | kenpō desu |
| Formal negative | 憲法ではありません 憲法じゃありません |
けんぽうではありません けんぽうじゃありません |
kenpō de wa arimasen kenpō ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 憲法でした | けんぽうでした | kenpō deshita |
| Formal negative past | 憲法ではありませんでした 憲法じゃありませんでした |
けんぽうではありませんでした けんぽうじゃありませんでした |
kenpō de wa arimasen deshita kenpō ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 憲法で | けんぽうで | kenpō de |
| Conditional | 憲法なら（ば） | けんぽうなら（ば） | kenpō nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 憲法だったら | けんぽうだったら | kenpō dattara |
| Volitional | 憲法だろう | けんぽうだろう | kenpō darō |
| Adverbial | 憲法に | けんぽうに | kenpō ni |
| Degree | 憲法さ | けんぽうさ | kenpōsa |
Noun
憲法 or 憲法 • (kenpō or kenbō) ←けんぱふ (kenpafu) or けんばふ (kenbafu)?
- constitution
- Synonyms: 国憲 (kokken), 朝憲 (chōken)
- ヴァイマル憲法 ― Vaimaru Kenpō ― Weimar Constitution
- (historical) rule; law
- Synonyms: 掟 (okite), きまり (kimari)
- 十七条憲法 ― Jūshichi-jō Kenpō ― Seventeen-Article Constitution
- fairness
Derived terms
- 憲法違反 (kenpō ihan)
- 憲法改正 (kenpō kaisei)
- 憲法記念日 (kenpō kinenbi)
- 憲法裁判 (kenpō saiban)
- 旧憲法 (kyū-kenpō)
- 協定憲法 (kyōtei kenpō)
- 協約憲法 (kyōyaku kenpō)
- 欽定憲法 (kintei kenpō)
- 硬性憲法 (kōsei kenpō)
- 五権憲法 (goken kenpō)
- 新憲法 (shin-kenpō)
- 成文憲法 (seibun kenpō)
- 大日本帝国憲法 (Dai-Nippon Teikoku Kenpō)
- 帝国憲法 (teikoku kenpō)
- 軟性憲法 (nansei kenpō)
- 日本国憲法 (Nihonkoku Kenpō)
- 不文憲法 (fubun kenpō)
- 平和憲法 (heiwa kenpō)
- 民定憲法 (mintei kenpō)
- 明治憲法 (Meiji Kenpō)
Related terms
- 違憲 (iken)
- 改憲 (kaiken)
- 合憲 (gōken)
- 護憲 (goken)
- 国憲 (kokken)
- 制憲 (seiken)
- 大憲 (taiken)
- 朝憲 (chōken)
- 立憲 (rikken)
See also
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
- ^ “憲法”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ “憲法”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 憲 | 法 |
Noun
- hanja form? of 헌법 (“constitution”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 憲 | 法 |
Noun
憲法
- chữ Hán form of hiến pháp (“constitution”).