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推敲. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
推敲, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
推敲 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
推敲 you have here. The definition of the word
推敲 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
推敲, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
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push; refuse (responsibility); shove
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extort; knock; to strike extort; knock; to strike; to knock (at a door); to hit
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simp. and trad. (推敲)
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推
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敲
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Literally: “to push or to knock”.
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Etymology
From the story of the Tang dynasty poet Jia Dao (779–843). Legend has it that one day while he was riding on his donkey, he was deliberating over the following line in his poem:
鳥宿池邊樹,僧推月下門。
鸟宿池边树,僧推月下门。 - Niǎo sù chí biān shù, sēng tuī yuè xià mén.
- Birds built their nests by a serene pond up the tree;
Beneath the Moon, a monk pushes on the door wooden.
He was pondering whether the 推 (“to push”) should be replaced by 敲 (“to knock”).
In fact, he was so engrossed in his deliberation that he did not notice an official's convoy coming, and ran straight into it. He was then taken for questioning on why he failed to avoid the convoy, and he explained that he was deep in thought about a poem he composed. The official whom Jia ran into was Han Yu, a famous Tang dynasty essayist and poet. After deliberation, Han said 敲 (“to knock”) would be a better word choice in this verse, since it highlights the quietness of the night. Jia regarded Han as his “one-character teacher” (一字之師/一字之师 (yīzìzhīshī)), followed his advice, and finalised verses of the poem.
Pronunciation
Verb
推敲
- to deliberate; to think over; to give a thought to; to weigh up; to scrutinize
- 經不起推敲/经不起推敲 ― jīngbùqǐ tuīqiāo ― to be unable to stand up to scrutiny
- 反覆推敲/反复推敲 ― fǎnfù tuīqiāo ― to repeatedly scrutinize
Synonyms
- 冥思 (míngsī)
- 冥想 (míngxiǎng)
- 品味 (pǐnwèi)
- 尋味 / 寻味 (xúnwèi)
- 尋思 / 寻思
- 念 (niàn)
- 思 (literary, or in compounds)
- 思想 (sīxiǎng)
- 思慮 / 思虑 (sīlǜ)
- 思索 (sīsuǒ)
- 思維 / 思维 (sīwéi)
- 思考 (sīkǎo)
- 思裁 (si1 cai2) (Sichuanese)
- 思量 (sīliáng)
- 慎思 (shènsī)
- 掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
- 掂量 (diānliáng)
- 揣摩 (chuǎimó)
- 斟酌 (zhēnzhuó) (figuratively)
- 沉思 (chénsī)
- 深思 (shēnsī)
- 照顧 / 照顾 (zhàogù)
- 玩味 (wánwèi)
- 玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
- 琢磨 (zuómo)
- 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
- 考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
- 苦思 (kǔsī)
- 著想 / 着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
- 計算 / 计算 (jìsuàn)
- 計較 / 计较
- 設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
- 顧全 / 顾全 (gùquán)
- 顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)
Japanese
Pronunciation
Noun
推敲 • (suikō) ←すいかう (suikau)?
- revising, polishing of a text
- 推敲に推敲を重ねた。
- Suikō ni suikō o kasaneta.
- We made revision on top of revision.
Verb
推敲する • (suikō suru) ←すいかう (suikau)?transitive suru (stem 推敲し (suikō shi), past 推敲した (suikō shita))
- revise, polish a text
- Synonym: 練り直す (nerinaosu)
Conjugation
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
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Mizenkei ("imperfective")
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推敲し
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すいこうし
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suikō shi
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Ren’yōkei ("continuative")
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推敲し
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すいこうし
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suikō shi
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Shūshikei ("terminal")
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推敲する
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すいこうする
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suikō suru
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Rentaikei ("attributive")
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推敲する
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すいこうする
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suikō suru
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Kateikei ("hypothetical")
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推敲すれ
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すいこうすれ
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suikō sure
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Meireikei ("imperative")
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推敲せよ¹ 推敲しろ²
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すいこうせよ¹ すいこうしろ²
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suikō seyo¹ suikō shiro²
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Key constructions
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Passive
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推敲される
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すいこうされる
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suikō sareru
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Causative
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推敲させる 推敲さす
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すいこうさせる すいこうさす
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suikō saseru suikō sasu
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Potential
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推敲できる
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すいこうできる
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suikō dekiru
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Volitional
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推敲しよう
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すいこうしよう
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suikō shiyō
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Negative
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推敲しない
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すいこうしない
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suikō shinai
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Negative continuative
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推敲せず
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すいこうせず
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suikō sezu
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Formal
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推敲します
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すいこうします
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suikō shimasu
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Perfective
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推敲した
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すいこうした
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suikō shita
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Conjunctive
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推敲して
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すいこうして
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suikō shite
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Hypothetical conditional
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推敲すれば
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すいこうすれば
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suikō sureba
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¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
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References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
Noun
推敲 • (toego) (hangeul 퇴고)
- hanja form? of 퇴고