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See also: 晻 and 闇
暗 U+6697, 暗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6697
← 暖
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 暘 →

Translingual

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character

暗 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日卜廿日 (AYTA), four-corner 60061, composition ⿰日音)

  1. dark
  2. obscure
  3. in secret, covert

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 498, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14065
  • Dae Jaweon: page 866, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1526, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6697

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 暗
alternative forms 闇／暗
晻／暗
隌
𣈇
𣆛

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 暗
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (音) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
諳 *qɯːm
腤 *qɯːm
嬜 *qɯːm, *qʰaːm, *qʰrɯm
喑 *qɯːm, *qrɯm, *qrɯms
揞 *qɯːmʔ, *qrɯːms
隌 *qɯːmʔ, *qrɯm
罯 *qɯːmʔ, *qɯːb
暗 *qɯːms
闇 *qɯːms
黯 *qrɯːm, *qrɯːmʔ
歆 *qʰrɯm
愔 *qɯm
韾 *qɯm
音 *qrɯm
瘖 *qrɯm
窨 *qrɯms
湆 *kʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qɯːms): semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Compare 陰”)

Pronunciation

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
  • am3 - Chaozhou;
  • ang3 - Chenghai.
Rime
Character 暗
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 覃 (159)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 烏紺切
Baxter 'omH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔʌmH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔəmH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɒmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔəmH/
Li
Rong 		/ʔᴀmH/
Wang
Li 		/ɒmH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔămH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		àn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		am3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 暗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		àn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔomH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*qˁum-s/
English dark

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 暗
Reading # 1/1
No. 15213
Phonetic
component 		音
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		暗
Old
Chinese 		/*qɯːms/

Definitions

暗

  1. dark (without light); dim
    Antonym: 明 (míng)
    天色暗了  ―  tiānsè àn le  ―  The sky darkened.
    屋子裡很暗。／屋子里很暗。  ―  Wūzi lǐ hěn àn.  ―  It is very dark in the room.
  2. dull; not bright
    暗紅／暗红  ―  àn hóng  ―  dull red
  3. secret; covert
    暗號／暗号  ―  ànhào  ―  secret signal
  4. confused; ignorant
    兼聽則明，偏信則暗
    兼听则明，偏信则暗
    jiāntīng zé míng, piānxìn zé àn
    Listen to both sides and you will be enlightened, heed only one side and you will be benighted.
  5. (Southern Min) late
  6. (Cantonese) to lull
    媽媽唱歌暗BB瞓。
    妈妈唱歌暗BB𰥛。
    maa1-4 maa1 coeng3 go1 am3 bi4 bi1 fan3.
    The mother sings to lull the baby to sleep.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 晚 (“late (in time)”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 遲, 晚
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 晚
Taiwan 晚, 遲
Harbin 晚
Singapore 晚, 遲
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 晚
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 晚
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 晚
Xi'an 晚, 遲
Xuzhou 晚, 遲
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 晏, 晚
Wuhan 晏, 遲
Guiyang 晏
Liuzhou 晏
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 晚, 遲
Hefei 晚, 遲
Cantonese Guangzhou 晏, 遲
Hong Kong 晏, 遲
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 晏
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 晏, 遲
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 遲
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 遲
Macau 遲
Guangzhou (Panyu) 晏, 遲
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 遲
Guangzhou (Conghua) 晏
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 晏, 遲
Foshan 晏, 遲
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 晏
Foshan (Shunde) 遲
Foshan (Sanshui) 遲
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 遲
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 遲
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 遲
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 遲
Zhuhai (Doumen) 晏, 遲
Jiangmen (Baisha) 遲
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 遲
Taishan 晏, 遲
Kaiping (Chikan) 晏, 遲
Enping (Niujiang) 晏, 遲
Heshan (Yayao) 遲水
Dongguan 晏, 遲
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 晏
Yangjiang 晏, 遲
Yangjiang (Yangdong) 晏
Yangdong (Yashao) 晏, 遲
Yangchun 晏, 遲
Yangxi 晏, 遲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 遲
Singapore (Guangfu) 晏, 遲
Gan Nanchang 晏
Pingxiang 晏
Hakka Meixian 遲
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 晏
Dongguan (Qingxi) 遲
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 遲
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 晏
Heyuan (Bendihua) 遲, 晏
Wengyuan 晝
Liannan 遲
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 晏
Jiexi 慢
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 慢
Changting 晏
Wuping 遲
Wuping (Yanqian) 夜
Ninghua 遲
Yudu 晏
Ningdu 遲
Tonggu (Sandu) 晏
Ganzhou (Panlong) 晏
Dayu 晏
Hong Kong 遲
Yangxi (Tangkou) 遲
Yangchun (Sanjia) 遲
Xinyi (Sihe) 遲
Xinyi (Qianpai) 遲
Gaozhou (Xindong) 遲
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 遲
Huazhou (Xin'an) 遲
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 遲
Lianjiang (Qingping) 遲
Mengshan (Xihe) 遲
Luchuan 遲
Senai (Huiyang) 遲
Huizhou Jixi 晏
Jin Taiyuan 遲, 晚
Northern Min Jian'ou 晏
Songxi 晏
Zhenghe 慢
Jianyang 晏
Wuyishan 晏
Eastern Min Fuzhou 遲, 晏
Fuzhou (Changle) 遲
Lianjiang 遲, 晏
Fuqing 遲, 晏
Pingtan 晏
Yongtai 遲, 晏
Minqing 遲
Gutian 慢
Pingnan 慢
Luoyuan 晏
Fu'an 晏
Ningde 晏
Xiapu 晏
Zherong 晏
Shouning 晏
Zhouning 遲
Fuding 晏
Southern Min Xiamen 晏, 暗
Xiamen (Tong'an) 晏
Quanzhou 晏, 暗
Jinjiang 晏
Nan'an 晏
Shishi 晏
Hui'an 晏
Anxi 晏
Yongchun 晏
Dehua 晏
Zhangzhou 晏, 暗
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 晏
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 晏
Hua'an 晏
Nanjing 晏
Pinghe 晏
Zhangpu 晏
Yunxiao 晏
Zhao'an 晏
Dongshan 晏
Taipei 晏 GT, 暗 GT
Kinmen 晏
Singapore (Hokkien) 暗, 晏
Manila (Hokkien) 晏, 暗
Longyan 遲
Zhangping 晏
Datian 晏
Chaozhou 晏, 慢
Shantou 晏, 慢
Jieyang 晏, 慢
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 晏
Singapore (Teochew) 晏
Leizhou 晏
Wenchang 晏
Haikou 晏
Singapore (Hainanese) 晏, 暗
Puxian Min Putian 晏
Xianyou 晏
Central Min Yong'an 慢
Sanming (Sanyuan) 慢
Sanming (Shaxian) 晏
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 晏, 遲
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 晏
Wu Shanghai 晏
Suzhou 晏
Danyang 晚
Hangzhou 晏, 遲
Ningbo 晏
Wenzhou 遲
Xiang Changsha 晏, 遲
Loudi 晏
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 暗
Kyūjitai
暗󠄁
暗+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
暗󠄃
暗+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

暗

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. darkness

Readings

See also

Etymology

Kanji in this term
暗
あん
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 暗 (MC 'omH).

The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

暗(あん) • (an) 

  1. darkness

Affix

暗(あん) • (an) 

  1. dark
  2. blackish
  3. foolish
  4. secret; covert
  5. memorize; recite from memory

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1071 (paper), page 586 (digital)
  2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 647 (paper), page 336 (digital)
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

暗 (eumhun 어두울 암 (eoduul am))

  1. hanja form? of 암 (“darkness”)

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

暗: Hán Nôm readings: ám

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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