森林

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Chinese

of trees, many woods; forest
trad. (森林) 森 林
simp. #(森林) 森 林
anagram 林森
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Pronunciation

Note:
  • sim1 lim5 - Jieyang, Chaoyang;
  • siam1 lim5 - Shantou;
  • siem1 lim5 - Chaozhou;
  • siom1 nim5 - Chenghai;
  • som1 lim5 - Raoping.
Rime
Character 森 林
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 侵 (140) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 所今切 力尋切
Baxter srim lim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʃˠiɪm/ /liɪm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʃᵚim/ /lim/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʃiem/ /ljem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʂjim/ /lim/
Li
Rong 		/ʃjəm/ /liəm/
Wang
Li 		/ʃĭĕm/ /lĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʂi̯əm/ /li̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shēn lín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sam1 lam4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 森 林
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		sēn lín
Middle
Chinese 		‹ srim › ‹ lim ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s.rəm/ /*əm/
English dense trees forest

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 森 林
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11003 8165
Phonetic
component 		森 林
Rime
group 		侵 侵
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		森 林
Old
Chinese 		/*srɯm/ /*ɡ·rɯm/

Noun

森林

  1. (countable) forest; trees (Classifier: 片 m)
    森林砍伐率  ―  sēnlín kǎnfá lǜ  ―  rate of deforestation
    注重保護森林／注重保护森林  ―  zhùzhòng bǎohù sēnlín  ―  to attach importance to forest conservation
    請愛護森林。／请爱护森林。  ―  Qǐng àihù sēnlín.  ―  Please protect our trees.
  2. (graph theory) forest (graph with no cycles)

Synonyms

  • (forest; trees):

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (森林):

Japanese

Kanji in this term
森 林
しん
Grade: 1 		りん
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

森(しん)林(りん) • (shinrin) 

  1. forest, timber

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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