氏

Stroke order

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Radical 83 氏

氏 (Kangxi radical 83, 氏+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹女心 (HVP), four-corner 7274₀, composition ⿸⿱丿𠄌𫠠)

1. Kangxi radical #83, ⽒.
2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №449

• Appendix:Chinese radical/氏
• 坁, 㞴, 忯, 扺, 汦, 㹝, 祇, 眂, 秖, 衹, 䉻, 紙(纸), 舐, 蚔, 觗, 䟗, 軝(𬨂), 䲬
• 赿, 䲭, 帋, 昏, 芪, 㡳, 疧
• See also 氐#Derived characters

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 597, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17026
• Dae Jaweon: page 988, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2130, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6C0F

Historical forms of the character 氏
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形). Various interpretations exist: a man bending over to sow the field (see also 氐 > 低 and 昏), the root of a tree (see also 柢), a man bowing over to the right, a stick with a decoration on top to represent a clan, a spoon (according to Guo Moruo and due to similarity to 匕), a mallet, a man holding an object, etc.

On bronze inscriptions, a black dot was added inside the vertical stroke of the character; then, this point turned into a horizontal stroke 一 while the vertical stroke mutated into a curved trait.

氏

1. clan; family; lineage; hereditary house

   夏后氏  ―  xiàhòushì  ―  The (Sovereign) House of Xia

   氏族  ―  shìzú  ―  tribe; clan

2. surname
3. person with the surname of ...; Mr.

   無名氏／无名氏  ―  wúmíngshì  ―  Anonymous

   • 余讀孔氏書，想見其為人。
     余读孔氏书，想见其为人。

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Yú dú Kǒngshì shū, xiǎngjiàn qí wéirén.

     When I was reading the works of Confucius, I can feel his character.

4. (historical) née; born as; maiden name
5. suffix to a personal proper noun for attribution (of a work, invention, discovery, etc.)

   《呂氏春秋》／《吕氏春秋》  ―  “Lǚshìchūnqiū”  ―  Lü's Spring and Autumn

   歐氏管／欧氏管  ―  ōushìguǎn  ―  Eustachian tube

   • 時時冠之，及貴常冠，所謂「劉氏冠」乃是也。
     时时冠之，及贵常冠，所谓「刘氏冠」乃是也。

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Shíshí guàn zhī, jí guì cháng guàn, suǒwèi “Liúshì guān” nǎi shì yě.

     From time to time would wear (the headdress), and had always kept it on after he arose to prominence. People now refer to the style as "the headdress of Liu".

6. (Classical) suffix to a noun that refers to family membership (actual or honorary)

   • 母氏聖善，我無令人。
     母氏圣善，我无令人。

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Mǔshì shèng shàn, wǒ wú lìng rén.

     Our mother is wise and good;
     But among us there is none good.

   • 伯氏不出而圖吾君，伯氏苟出而圖吾君，申生受賜而死。
     伯氏不出而图吾君，伯氏苟出而图吾君，申生受赐而死。

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bóshì bù chū ér tú wú jūn, bóshì gǒu chū ér tú wú jūn, Shēnshēng shòu cì ér sǐ.

     ou, venerable Sir, do not come forth and consult for the good of our ruler. If you will come forth and do this, I will die having received a great favour from you.

• The meaning of "née" has become obsolete, as current Chinese practice is for all married spouses to continue to use their birth names. Occasionally, a wife may adopt the husband's surname. As a descriptor, 氏 follows the maiden name, which follows the married name — 張氏 (“née Zhang”), 李張氏 (“Li née Zhang”), or 配張氏 (“married to a lady of the Zhang clan”).

• (Mr.): 先生 (xiānshēng)

氏

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) used in 月氏 (yuèzhī, “Yuezhi”)
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) used in 閼氏／阏氏 (yānzhī, “wife of a Xiongnu chief”)

氏

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) only used in 狋氏 (“name of an ancient county”)

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: じ (ji)、し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: うじ (uji, 氏, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 氏 (MC dzyeX).

• (Tokyo) し (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

• Pitch accent only applies when used as a standalone noun.

氏(し) • (shi) 

1. a family, a clan
2. a certain person

氏(し) • (-shi) 

1. (honorific) Mr.; Ms.
   • 1997 September 1 , Fujiko F. Fujio, “くたばれ評(ひょう)論(ろん)家(か)　の巻(まき) ”, in エスパー魔美 , 4th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 157:

     部(ぶ)分(ぶん)テレポートさせた剣(つるぎ)氏(し)のガン細(さい)胞(ぼう)。

     Bubun terepōto saseta Tsurugi-shi no gan saibō.

     These are the cancer cells I teleported out of Mr. Tsurugi.

From Middle Chinese 氏 (MC dzyeX). Has unusual tensing, the only other such readings being 雙 (ssang) and 喫 (kkik).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

氏

Wikisource

氏 (eumhun 성씨(姓氏) 씨 (seongssi ssi))

1. hanja form^? of 씨 (“lineage; surname”)
2. hanja form^? of 씨 (“Mr.; Ms.”)

From Middle Chinese 氏 (MC tsye).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:

氏 (eumhun 나라 이름 지 (nara ireum ji))

1. (historical) hanja form^? of 지 (“Only used in 월지 (月氏, wolji)”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

氏: Hán Nôm readings: thị

1. chữ Hán form of Thị (“a female middle name”)

   阮氏B ― Nguyễn Thị B ― Jane Doe