洒落る

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
洒 落
しゃれ
Hyōgai Grade: 3
irregular

Etymology

Semantic shift from 曝(しゃ)れる (shareru),[1][2] itself a phonetic shift from 曝(さ)れる (sareru).[3]

Alternatively, derived from the classical lower bigrade conjugation verb 戯(さ)る (saru), from which 戯(ざ)れる (zareru) is also derived.[4]

First cited to a text from 1660.[4]

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「洒落る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		洒落る しゃれる
Imperative (命令形) 洒落ろ しゃれろ
Key constructions
Passive 洒落られる しゃれられる
Causative 洒落させる しゃれさせる
Potential - - -
Volitional 洒落よう しゃれよー
Negative 洒落ない しゃれない
Negative perfective 洒落なかった しゃれなかった
Formal 洒落ます しゃれます
Perfective 洒落た しゃれた
Conjunctive 洒落て しゃれて
Hypothetical conditional 洒落れば しゃれれば

Verb

洒落(しゃれ)る • (shareru) intransitive ichidan (stem 洒落(しゃれ) (share), past 洒落(しゃれ)た (shareta))

  1. to be stylish or smart in appearance and manner
  2. to joke, to be witty
  3. (in modern usage, often in the past tense form しゃれた) to be flippant, to be saucy, impertinent

Conjugation

Conjugation of "洒落る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 洒落 しゃれ share
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 洒落 しゃれ share
Shūshikei ("terminal") 洒落る しゃれる shareru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 洒落る しゃれる shareru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 洒落れ しゃれれ sharere
Meireikei ("imperative") 洒落よ¹
洒落ろ² 		しゃれよ¹
しゃれろ² 		shareyo¹
sharero²
Key constructions
Passive 洒落られる しゃれられる sharerareru
Causative 洒落させる
洒落さす 		しゃれさせる
しゃれさす 		sharesaseru
sharesasu
Potential 洒落られる
洒落れる³ 		しゃれられる
しゃれれる³ 		sharerareru
sharereru³
Volitional 洒落よう しゃれよう shareyō
Negative 洒落ない
洒落ぬ
洒落ん 		しゃれない
しゃれぬ
しゃれん 		sharenai
sharenu
sharen
Negative continuative 洒落ず しゃれず sharezu
Formal 洒落ます しゃれます sharemasu
Perfective 洒落た しゃれた shareta
Conjunctive 洒落て しゃれて sharete
Hypothetical conditional 洒落れば しゃれれば sharereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

See also

References

  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ^ “洒落る”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 “洒落”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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