潸然淚下

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Chinese

tearful tears
under; next; lower
under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter
 
trad. (潸然淚下) 潸然
simp. (潸然泪下) 潸然

Etymology

First attested in c. 813 in the preface of the Song of the Brazen Immortal Bidding Farewell to Han by Li He:

青龍元年八月牽車西漢孝武仙人殿仙人潸然淚下
青龙元年八月牵车西汉孝武仙人殿仙人潸然泪下
From: c. 813, 李賀,金銅仙人辭漢歌》序
Qīnglóng yuánnián bāyuè, zhào gōngguān qiānchē xī qǔ Hàn Xiàowǔ pěng lùpán xiānrén, yù lì zhì qiándiàn. Gōngguān jì chāi pán, xiānrén lín zǎi nǎi shānrán lèi xià.
In the eighth month of the first year of the Qinglong era , the court ordered a palace officer to ride west and bring back the gilded bronze figure of an immortal holding a disc to catch dew made during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, in order to set it up in the front court. When the palace officer removed the disc and took the statue to his carriage, the bronze immortal shed tears.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial () (21) (38) (37) (33) (33)
Final () (69) (77) (16) (98) (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed Open Open
Division () II III III II II
Fanqie
Baxter sraen nyen lwijH haeX haeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʃˠan/ /ȵiᴇn/ /liuɪH/ /ɦˠaX/ /ɦˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʃᵚan/ /ȵiɛn/ /lʷiH/ /ɦᵚaX/ /ɦᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʃɐn/ /ȵʑjæn/ /ljuɪH/ /ɣaX/ /ɣaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʂaɨn/ /ȵian/ /lwiH/ /ɦaɨX/ /ɦaɨH/
Li
Rong
/ʃan/ /ȵiɛn/ /luiH/ /ɣaX/ /ɣaH/
Wang
Li
/ʃan/ /ȵʑĭɛn/ /lwiH/ /ɣaX/ /ɣaH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʂan/ /ȵʑi̯ɛn/ /lwiH/ /ɣaX/ /ɣaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shān rán lèi xià xià
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
saan1 jin4 leoi6 haa6 haa6

Idiom

潸然淚下

  1. cannot hold back one’s tears; tears running down one's cheek