釋迦
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Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (釋迦) | 釋 | 迦 | |
| simp. (释迦) | 释 | 迦 | |
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit शाक्य (Śākya).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sik1 gaa1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳt-kâ / sit-kâ
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sek-ka / sek-kee / sek-khia / sek-kia / sek-kiau / sek-khiau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shìhjia
- Wade–Giles: shih4-chia1
- Yale: shr̀-jyā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyhjia
- Palladius: шицзя (šiczja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
- Homophones:
世家
釋迦／释迦
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sik1 gaa1
- Yale: sīk gā
- Cantonese Pinyin: sik7 gaa1
- Guangdong Romanization: xig1 ga1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɪk̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳt-kâ / sit-kâ
- Hakka Romanization System: siidˋ gaˊ / xidˋ gaˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sid5 ga1 / xid5 ga1
- Sinological IPA: /sɨt̚² ka²⁴/, /sit̚² ka²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-ka
- Tâi-lô: sik-ka
- Phofsit Daibuun: sekkaf
- IPA (Xiamen): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ka⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-kee
- Tâi-lô: sik-kee
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kɛ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-khia
- Tâi-lô: sik-khia
- Phofsit Daibuun: sekqiaf
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Yilan): /siɪk̚²⁻⁵ kʰia⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-kia
- Tâi-lô: sik-kia
- Phofsit Daibuun: sekkiaf
- IPA (Taipei): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Lukang): /siɪk̚⁵ kia³³/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-kiau
- Tâi-lô: sik-kiau
- Phofsit Daibuun: sekkiaw
- IPA (Kinmen): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ kiau⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-khiau
- Tâi-lô: sik-khiau
- Phofsit Daibuun: sekqiaw
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiau⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Middle Chinese: syek kja
Proper noun
釋迦
- (～族) (historical, Buddhism) Shakya (a clan originating from the Indian subcontinent)
- (Buddhism) Short for 釋迦牟尼／释迦牟尼 (Shìjiāmóuní, “Śakyamuni Buddha”).
Noun
釋迦
- (chiefly Taiwan and Southern Min) Short for 釋迦果／释迦果 (shìjiāguǒ, “sugar apple”).
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 番荔枝 (“sugar apple”)
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 釋 | 迦 |
| しゃく > しゃ Hyōgai |
か Jinmeiyō |
| irregular | kan'on |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 釋迦 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 釋迦, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Old Japanese
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 釋迦 (MC syek kja), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit शाक्य (Śākya)
Proper noun
釋迦 (Shaka) (kana しゃか)
- (Buddhism) Śakyamuni
- c. 753, Bussokuseki no Uta (Yakushi-ji Buddha Footprint Poems), poem 9
- 舎加乃美阿止伊波爾宇都志於伎宇夜麻比弖乃知乃保止氣爾由豆利麻都良牟佐佐義麻宇佐牟
- Shaka no2 mi1-ato2 ipa ni utusi-oki1 uyamapi1te no2ti no2 poto2ke2 ni yuduri-maturamu sasage-mausamu
- Śakya’s holy footprints which I inscribe copies on rock and revere, to the future Buddha I bequeath and dedicate, I humbly consecrate!
- c. 753, Bussokuseki no Uta (Yakushi-ji Buddha Footprint Poems), poem 9
Usage notes
Some dictionaries erroneously have entries read as さか (Saka), assuming lack of palatalization sounds in other Old Japanese literature. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Descendants
- Japanese: 釈迦 (Shaka)