長

Stroke order

Stroke order

• 镸 (when used as a radical)

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Radical 168 長

長 (Kangxi radical 168, 長+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸一女 (SMV), four-corner 7173₂, composition ⿱⿺丄三⿰𠄌⿺乀丿(GJKV) or ⿸⿱⿺丄三𠄌⿺乀丿(HT) or ⿱⿰丨三⿸𰀀⿺乀丿(HT))

1. Kangxi radical #168, ⾧.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/長
• 倀, 𫪛, 㙊, 𪥽, 帳, 張, 悵, 掁, 涱, 𤟔, 𪯹, 棖, 𤊞, 𪺑, 脹, 𭀫, 𤬅, 𤲘, 𥇔, 䂻, 𬔡, 𧛇, 粻, 𦁢, 䗅, 𢐘, 䛫, 賬(𧹔), 䠆, 躼, 𮝙, 𮡙, 鋹, 𬼓, 䩨, 韔, 餦, 𮪉, 𩳤, 𩸕, 𮦳
• 𬪆, 𡘷, 萇, 㷃, 𥮲, 𩭨, 鼚, 𪠍, 痮, 𦹥

• 𤭖, 髟, 瓺, 肆, 套
• 蕻, 隂, 𨼲

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1328, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41100
• Dae Jaweon: page 1829, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4050, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9577

Historical forms of the character 長
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Pictogram (象形) – an old man with long hair; an ancient variant still used is 镸 (e.g., ⾽ and 鬓).

Compare 彡 and the top component of 老 and its variant 考.

Three pronunciations below are cognate, all derived from the original root of 張 (*traŋ, “to make long; to stretch; to string a bow”).

Pronunciation 1 ("long") is the endopassive derivative ("be extended, be stretched"), with intransitive voicing. The lack of Tibeto-Burman cognates with the same meaning indicate that this is a Chinese innovation. Pronunciation 2 ("to grow") is the endoactive derivative. The different pronunciations are one of the few instances of contemporary grammatical tone in Mandarin.

See 張 for more.

長

1. long (of distance)

   長征／长征  ―  chángzhēng  ―  Long March

2. length

   全長／全长  ―  quáncháng  ―  full length (of a river)

3. long (in space); far; distant
4. long (of time); lasting
5. (Northern Wu, of a person) tall

   我比伊長三十厘米。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
   我比伊长三十厘米。 [Shanghainese, simp.]

   ⁶ngu ⁵pi ⁶yi ⁶zan ¹se-zeq₈ ⁶li-mi₆ [Wugniu]

   I'm taller than him by thirty centimeters.

6. everlasting; permanent
7. constantly; frequently

   See also: 常

8. straight; perfectly straight
9. upright; right; good; fine
10. strength; advantage; merit
11. skill; specialism
12. to excel in
13. (Mainland China Hokkien) to take advantage of someone
14. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) segment of time or object

    分做兩長 [Hokkien, trad.]
    分做两长 [Hokkien, simp.]

    hun chòe nn̄g tn̂g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    to divide into two segments

15. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) regularly; often; frequently
16. a surname

(tall):

長

1. to begin to grow; to grow; to develop

   長大／长大  ―  zhǎngdà  ―  to grow old

   我家的樹長得很健康。 [MSC, trad.]
   我家的树长得很健康。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ jiā de shù zhǎng dé hěn jiànkāng.

   The tree in my house is growing healthily.

2. (transitive, with 得 (de), of a person's appearance) to look; to appear

   他長得很像他爸爸。 [MSC, trad.]
   他长得很像他爸爸。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā zhǎng de hěn xiàng tā bàbà.

   He looks a lot like his dad.

   他長得又高又帥。 [MSC, trad.]
   他长得又高又帅。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā zhǎng de yòu gāo yòu shuài.

   He is tall and handsome.

3. (transitive) to increase; to enhance
4. (intransitive) to increase; to go up

   See also: 漲

5. to nourish
6. old (of age)

   年長／年长  ―  niánzhǎng  ―  senior

7. senior; elder

   兄長／兄长  ―  xiōngzhǎng  ―  elder brother

8. leader; master; chief; head
9. eldest; oldest
10. to exalt; to honor

    • 乃惟四方之多罪逋逃，是崇是長，是信是使，是以為大夫卿士。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      乃惟四方之多罪逋逃，是崇是长，是信是使，是以为大夫卿士。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

      Nǎi wéi sìfāng zhī duōzuì būtáo, shì chóng shì zhǎng, shì xìn shì shǐ, shì yǐwéi dàfū qīngshì.

      They are only the fugitives from all quarters, loaded with crimes, whom he honours and exalts, whom he employs and trusts, making them great officers and high nobles.

11. to wield; to be in control of