First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 겨루다 (Yale: kyelwuta).
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gyeoruda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gyeoluda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kyŏruda |
| Yale Romanization? | kyelwuta |
겨루다 • (gyeoruda) (infinitive 겨루어 or 겨뤄, sequential 겨루니)
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 겨룬다 gyeorunda |
겨루어 gyeorueo |
겨루어요, 겨뤄요 gyeorueoyo, gyeorwoyo |
겨룹니다 gyeorumnida |
| Past | 겨루었다 gyeorueotda |
겨루었어 gyeorueosseo |
겨루었어요 gyeorueosseoyo |
겨루었습니다 gyeorueotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 겨루느냐 gyeoruneunya |
겨루어 gyeorueo |
겨루어요, 겨뤄요 gyeorueoyo, gyeorwoyo |
겨룹니까 gyeorumnikka |
| Past | 겨루었느냐 gyeorueonneunya |
겨루었어 gyeorueosseo |
겨루었어요 gyeorueosseoyo |
겨루었습니까 gyeorueotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 겨루자 gyeoruja |
겨루어 gyeorueo |
겨루어요, 겨뤄요 gyeorueoyo, gyeorwoyo |
겨루십시다 gyeorusipsida | |
| Imperative | 겨루어라, 겨뤄라 gyeorueora, gyeorwora |
겨루어 gyeorueo |
겨루어요, 겨뤄요 gyeorueoyo, gyeorwoyo |
겨룹시오 gyeorupsio | |
| Assertive | 겨루겠다 gyeorugetda |
겨루겠어 gyeorugesseo |
겨루겠어요 gyeorugesseoyo |
겨루겠습니다 gyeorugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 겨루어 gyeorueo |
겨루어서, 겨뤄서 gyeorueoseo, gyeorwoseo |
겨루니 gyeoruni |
겨루니까 gyeorunikka | |
| Contrast | 겨루지만 gyeorujiman |
겨루는데 gyeoruneunde |
겨루더니 gyeorudeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 겨루고 gyeorugo |
||||
| Condition | 겨루면 gyeorumyeon |
겨루어야, 겨뤄야 gyeorueoya, gyeorwoya |
|||
| Motive | 겨루려고 gyeoruryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 겨룸 gyeorum |
겨루기 gyeorugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 겨루었음, 겨뤘음 gyeorueosseum, gyeorwosseum |
겨루었기, 겨뤘기 gyeorueotgi, gyeorwotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 겨룬 gyeorun | |||
| Present | 겨루는 gyeoruneun | ||||
| Future | 겨룰 gyeorul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 겨루신다 gyeorusinda |
겨루셔 gyeorusyeo |
겨루세요, 겨루셔요 gyeoruseyo, gyeorusyeoyo |
겨루십니다 gyeorusimnida |
| Past | 겨루셨다 gyeorusyeotda |
겨루셨어 gyeorusyeosseo |
겨루셨어요 gyeorusyeosseoyo |
겨루셨습니다 gyeorusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 겨루시느냐 gyeorusineunya |
겨루셔 gyeorusyeo |
겨루세요, 겨루셔요 gyeoruseyo, gyeorusyeoyo |
겨루십니까 gyeorusimnikka |
| Past | 겨루셨느냐 gyeorusyeonneunya |
겨루셨어 gyeorusyeosseo |
겨루셨어요 gyeorusyeosseoyo |
겨루셨습니까 gyeorusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 겨루시라 gyeorusira |
겨루셔 gyeorusyeo |
겨루세요 gyeoruseyo |
겨루십시오 gyeorusipsio | |
| Assertive | 겨루시겠다 gyeorusigetda |
겨루시겠어 gyeorusigesseo |
겨루시겠어요 gyeorusigesseoyo |
겨루시겠습니다 gyeorusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 겨루셔 gyeorusyeo |
겨루셔서 gyeorusyeoseo |
겨루시니 gyeorusini |
겨루시니까 gyeorusinikka | |
| Contrast | 겨루시지만 gyeorusijiman |
겨루시는데 gyeorusineunde |
겨루시더니 gyeorusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 겨루시고 gyeorusigo |
||||
| Condition | 겨루시면 gyeorusimyeon |
겨루셔야 gyeorusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 겨루시려고 gyeorusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 겨루심 gyeorusim |
겨루시기 gyeorusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 겨루셨음 gyeorusyeosseum |
겨루셨기 gyeorusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 겨루신 gyeorusin | |||
| Present | 겨루시는 gyeorusineun | ||||
| Future | 겨루실 gyeorusil | ||||