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U+AD6C, 구
HANGUL SYLLABLE GU
Composition: +

Hangul Syllables
See also: -구- and -구

(see above for verbal suffixes)

See also:


굿

교 ←→ 궈

Korean

Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from (nine).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gu
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gu
McCune–Reischauer?ku
Yale Romanization?kwu

Numeral

Korean numbers (edit)
90
 ←  8 9 10  → 
    Native isol.: 아홉 (ahop)
    Native attr.: 아홉 (ahop)
    Sino-Korean: (gu)
    Hanja:
    Ordinal: 아홉째 (ahopjjae)

(gu) (hanja )

  1. (Sino-Korean numeral) nine
Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

  • 반(班) (se ban, three school classes, native numeral)
  • 반(班) (sam ban, Class Number Three, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

  • 하나 주세 (hana-man deo juse-yo, Could you give me just one more, please, native numeral)
  • 더하기 ? (il deohagi ir-eun?, What's one plus one?, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from (ball, sphere).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gu
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gu
McCune–Reischauer?ku
Yale Romanization?kwu

Noun

(gu) (hanja )

  1. sphere
Derived terms
See also
  • (gong, ball)

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from (former, old).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gu
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gu
McCune–Reischauer?ku
Yale Romanization?kwū

Determiner

(gu) (hanja )

  1. former; defunct
    Antonym: 신(新) (sin, new)
    시대gusidaeformer period; bygone period
    소련gu Soryeonthe former Soviet Union
Usage notes
  • Before most common nouns, it is written without spaces as a prefix.
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from (area, district).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gu
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gu
McCune–Reischauer?ku
Yale Romanization?kwu

Noun

(gu) (hanja )

  1. ward, district; administrative division of a large city.
Coordinate terms
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from (classifier for coffins, corpses).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gu
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gu
McCune–Reischauer?ku
Yale Romanization?kwu

Counter

(gu) (hanja )

  1. Used to count corpses.
Usage notes
  • Usually takes native numerals.
Derived terms

Proper noun

(Gu) (hanja )

  1. a surname

Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from (mouth, hole).

Counter

(gu) (hanja )

  1. (obsolete) Used to count family members.

Suffix

—구 (-gu) (hanja )

  1. gateway
    출입(出入) (churip, coming and going) + ‎구(口) (gu) → ‎출입구(出入口) (churipgu, entrance/exit)
    비상(非常) (bisang, emergency) + ‎구(口) (gu) → ‎비상구(非常口) (bisanggu, emergency exit)

Derived terms

Etymology 7

Sino-Korean word from (tool).

Suffix

—구 (-gu) (hanja )

  1. tool for...
Derived terms

Etymology 8

Sino-Korean word from .

Numeral

(gu) (hanja )

  1. (rare) the number 1032
Derived terms

Etymology 9

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable

(gu)

Extended content
  1. : small hill
    (eumhun reading: 언덕 (eondeok gu))
    (MC reading: (MC khjuw))
  2. :
    (MC reading: (MC khjuw))
  3. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuw))
  4. : to be long
    (eumhun reading: 오랠 (orael gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwX))
  5. :
    (MC reading: )
  6. : nine
    (eumhun reading: 아홉 (ahop gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwX))
  7. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  8. :
    (MC reading: (MC khja))
  9. :
    (MC reading: (MC xuwH))
  10. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  11. : accompany, together
    (eumhun reading: 함께 (hamkke gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kju))
  12. :
    (MC reading: (MC kaw|gjuwX))
  13. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'juX))
  14. : tool
    (eumhun reading: 갖출 (gatchul gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gjuH))
  15. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuw|kuwH))
  16. :
    (MC reading: (MC gju))
  17. :
    (MC reading: )
  18. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuw))
  19. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuw|kuwH))
  20. :
    (MC reading: )
  21. :
    (MC reading: )
  22. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuwH))
  23. :
    (MC reading: )
  24. : area; district; region; ward
    (eumhun reading: 구역 (guyeok gu))
    (MC reading: (MC khju|'uw))
  25. :
    (MC reading: )
  26. : sentence; phrase
    (eumhun reading: 글귀 (geulgwi gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gju|kuw|kjuH|kuwH))
  27. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  28. :
    (MC reading: (MC xuwX|xjuH))
  29. :
    (MC reading: (MC kaw|gjuwX))
  30. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'uw|'uwX))
  31. :
    (MC reading: )
  32. :
    (MC reading: )
  33. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwX))
  34. : a cod
    (eumhun reading: 대구 (daegu gu))
    (MC reading: )
  35. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  36. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  37. : coffin
    (eumhun reading: (neol gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gjuwH))
  38. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuw|kjuX|kuwX))
  39. :
    (MC reading: (MC xjuH))
  40. :
    (MC reading: )
  41. : save, rescue; help
    (eumhun reading: 건질 (geonjil gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwH))
  42. :
    (MC reading: (MC khju|khuw))
  43. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  44. :
    (MC reading: (MC kju|gjuw))
  45. : restrain, seize, detain
    (eumhun reading: 잡을 (jabeul gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kju))
  46. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjoX))
  47. :
    (MC reading: (MC khuwX|khuwH))
  48. :
    (MC reading: (MC gju))
  49. : fear; be afraid of; dread
    (eumhun reading: 두려워할 (duryeowohal gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gjuH))
  50. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  51. :
    (MC reading: )
  52. : stable
    (eumhun reading: 마구간 (magugan gu))
    (MC reading: )
  53. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwH))
  54. :
    (MC reading: (MC khju))
  55. :
    (MC reading: (MC kju|kuwX))
  56. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuH))
  57. : bandit; thief; invader
    (eumhun reading: 도둑 (doduk gu))
    (MC reading: (MC khuwH))
  58. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'juH))
  59. :
    (MC reading: )
  60. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuX))
  61. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  62. : Europe
    (eumhun reading: 구라파 (gurapa gu))
    (MC reading: (MC 'uw|'uwX))
  63. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'uwX))
  64. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  65. : request, wish
    (eumhun reading: 구할 (guhal gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  66. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuw))
  67. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'uw|'uwH))
  68. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwX|kjuwH))
  69. : dog
    (eumhun reading: (gae gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kuwX))
  70. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwX))
  71. : ball
    (eumhun reading: (gong gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  72. : beautiful jade; twinkle
    (eumhun reading: 아름다운 옥 (areumdaun ok gu))
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw|gjiw))
  73. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'uw))
  74. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwH))
  75. :
    (MC reading: (MC kju))
  76. :
    (MC reading: (MC gju))
  77. :
    (MC reading: (MC gju|kjuH))
  78. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuX))
  79. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwk))
  80. : examine, investigate
    (eumhun reading: 연구할 (yeon'guhal gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwH))
  81. :
    (MC reading: )
  82. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuX))
  83. : old
    (eumhun reading: (ye gu))
    (MC reading: (MC kuw))
  84. : careless; illicit; if, but, if only
    (eumhun reading: 진실로 (jinsillo gu))
    (MC reading: (MC khjuwX))
  85. 絿:
    (MC reading: 絿 (MC gjuw))
  86. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwX))
  87. :
    (MC reading: )
  88. :
    (MC reading: )
  89. :
    (MC reading: )
  90. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuwX))
  91. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuwX))
  92. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuwH))
  93. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwX))
  94. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuX|kjuH))
  95. :
    (MC reading: (MC khjuw))
  96. :
    (MC reading: (MC gju))
  97. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  98. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  99. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwX|khuwH|xuwH))
  100. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'uw))
  101. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  102. : body
    (eumhun reading: (mom gu))
    (MC reading: (MC khju))
  103. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  104. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuwH))
  105. :
    (MC reading: (MC khjuw))
  106. :
    (MC reading: (MC khuwX))
  107. :
    (MC reading: (MC kuw))
  108. :
    (MC reading: (MC gjuw))
  109. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwk))
  110. :
    (MC reading: )
  111. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuwX))
  112. :
    (MC reading: )
  113. :
    (MC reading: )
  114. :
    (MC reading: )
  115. :
    (MC reading: )
  116. :
    (MC reading: (MC kju))
  117. : spur a horse on; expel, drive away
    (eumhun reading: (mol gu))
    (MC reading: (MC khju|khjuH))
  118. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuw|kjiwX))
  119. :
    (MC reading: (MC kjuw))
  120. :
    (MC reading: (MC khuwH))
  121. :
    (MC reading: (MC 'uw))
  122. :
    (MC reading: (MC gju))
  123. :
    (MC reading: (MC xwoj|gjuw))
  124. :
    (MC reading: (MC kwij|kjuw))