꼬다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄭᅩ〮다〮 (Yale: skwó-tá).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?kkoda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?kkoda
McCune–Reischauer?kkoda
Yale Romanization?kkōta

Verb

Korean verb set
Base 꼬다 (kkoda)
Passive꼬이다 (kkoida)

꼬다 • (kkoda) (infinitive 꽈 or 꼬아, sequential 꼬니) (transitive)

  1. to twist, to lay (a rope, string, etc.)
  2. to twist, to squirm, to writhe (one's body); to cross (one's legs)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 꼬다 (kkoda): vowel-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 꼰다
kkonda 		꽈
kkwa 		꽈요, 꼬아요
kkwayo, kkoayo 		꼽니다
kkomnida
Past 꽜다
kkwatda 		꽜어
kkwasseo 		꽜어요
kkwasseoyo 		꽜습니다
kkwatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 꼬느냐
kkoneunya 		꽈
kkwa 		꽈요, 꼬아요
kkwayo, kkoayo 		꼽니까
kkomnikka
Past 꽜느냐
kkwanneunya 		꽜어
kkwasseo 		꽜어요
kkwasseoyo 		꽜습니까
kkwatseumnikka
Hortative 꼬자
kkoja		 꽈
kkwa		 꽈요, 꼬아요
kkwayo, kkoayo		 꼬십시다
kkosipsida
Imperative 꽈라, 꼬아라
kkwara, kkoara		 꽈
kkwa		 꽈요, 꼬아요
kkwayo, kkoayo		 꼽시오
kkopsio
Assertive 꼬겠다
kkogetda		 꼬겠어
kkogesseo		 꼬겠어요
kkogesseoyo		 꼬겠습니다
kkogetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 꽈
kkwa		 꽈서, 꼬아서
kkwaseo, kkoaseo		 꼬니
kkoni		 꼬니까
kkonikka
Contrast 꼬지만
kkojiman		 꼬는데
kkoneunde		 꼬더니
kkodeoni
Conjunction 꼬고
kkogo
Condition 꼬면
kkomyeon		 꽈야, 꼬아야
kkwaya, kkoaya
Motive 꼬려고
kkoryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 꼼
kkom		 꼬기
kkogi
Past-tense verbal nouns 꽜음, 꼬았음
kkwasseum, kkoasseum		 꽜기, 꼬았기
kkwatgi, kkoatgi
Determiners Past 꼰
kkon
Present 꼬는
kkoneun
Future 꼴
kkol
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 꼬신다
kkosinda 		꼬셔
kkosyeo 		꼬세요, 꼬셔요
kkoseyo, kkosyeoyo 		꼬십니다
kkosimnida
Past 꼬셨다
kkosyeotda 		꼬셨어
kkosyeosseo 		꼬셨어요
kkosyeosseoyo 		꼬셨습니다
kkosyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 꼬시느냐
kkosineunya 		꼬셔
kkosyeo 		꼬세요, 꼬셔요
kkoseyo, kkosyeoyo 		꼬십니까
kkosimnikka
Past 꼬셨느냐
kkosyeonneunya 		꼬셨어
kkosyeosseo 		꼬셨어요
kkosyeosseoyo 		꼬셨습니까
kkosyeotseumnikka
Imperative 꼬시라
kkosira		 꼬셔
kkosyeo		 꼬세요
kkoseyo		 꼬십시오
kkosipsio
Assertive 꼬시겠다
kkosigetda		 꼬시겠어
kkosigesseo		 꼬시겠어요
kkosigesseoyo		 꼬시겠습니다
kkosigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 꼬셔
kkosyeo		 꼬셔서
kkosyeoseo		 꼬시니
kkosini		 꼬시니까
kkosinikka
Contrast 꼬시지만
kkosijiman		 꼬시는데
kkosineunde		 꼬시더니
kkosideoni
Conjunction 꼬시고
kkosigo
Condition 꼬시면
kkosimyeon		 꼬셔야
kkosyeoya
Motive 꼬시려고
kkosiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 꼬심
kkosim		 꼬시기
kkosigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 꼬셨음
kkosyeosseum		 꼬셨기
kkosyeotgi
Determiners Past 꼬신
kkosin
Present 꼬시는
kkosineun
Future 꼬실
kkosil
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