누의

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Jeju

Etymology

Cognate with Korean 누이 (nu'i).

Pronunciation

Noun

누의 (nuui)

  1. sister

Middle Korean

Etymology

Ultimately appears to be from pre-Middle Korean */nup/ "sister" with the euphonic noun suffix 이 (-i) attached, as seen by the final vocalism in the Gyeongsang dialect form 누부 (nubu, “older sister of a male”) which is incompatible if the vowel -i was always part of the root. The phonologically conservative Gyeongsang dialect and Yukjin dialects conserve the original /p~b/ in this word.

Pronunciation

Noun

누의 (nwùùy)

  1. sister of a male
    • 1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 [Worin seokbo], page 2:6b:
      네〯 아ᄃᆞ〮리〮 各(각〮)各(각〮) 어〮마님〯내〮 뫼〯ᅀᆞᆸ고〮 누의님〯내〮 더브〮러〮 즉〮자히〮 나〮가니〮 力(륵〮)士(ᄊᆞᆼ〯)와〮 百(ᄇᆡᆨ〮)姓(셔ᇰ〮)ᄃᆞᆯ〮히〮 만〯히〮 조차〮 가니〮라〮
      něy àtól-í KÁK.KÁK émà-nǐm-náy mwǒyzòpkwó nwùùy-nǐm-náy tèpúlé cúkcàhí ná-kàní LÚK.SSǑ-Gwá PÓYK.SYÉNG-tólh-i mǎnhí cwòchá kànílá
      The four sons left immediately, each accompanying their mother and bringing their sisters; many strong men and commoners went following them.

Derived terms

Historical and regional synonyms of 누나 (nuna, “older sister of a male”)
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GroupRegionLocationWords
Standardised formsSouth Korean Standard Language누나 (nūna), 누님 (nūnim) (hon.)
North Korean Cultured Language누나 (nūna), 누님 (nūnim) (hon.)
Historical formsMiddle Korean누의 (nwùùy) (also y.)
Early Modern Seoul Korean누의 (nuui) (also y.), 누위 (nuwi) (also y.)
Central KoreanGyeonggiModern colloquial Seoul누나 (nuna), 누님 (nunim) (hon.)
YeongdongGangneung누우 (nùú), 누 (nù)
Jeongseon누나 (nūna), 누님 (nūnim) (hon.)
South ChungcheongSeosan뉘님 (nwīnim)
Yesan뉘나 (nwīna)
Hongseong뉘님 (nwīnim)
Boryeong뉘나 (nwina)
Buyeo누님 (nunim), 누이 (nu'i)
Seocheon누님 (nunim), 눈님 (nunnim)
Gyeongsang KoreanNorth GyeongsangDaegu누'부 (nu bu)
Mungyeong'누나 ( nuna), 누님 (núnìm)
Andong누 (nu), 누님 (núnìm)
Gumi누'우 (nu u)
Goryeong누'부 (nu bu)
South GyeongsangBusan누'부 (nu bu), 누임 (núìm) (hon.)
Ulsan누'부 (nu bu), 누부 (nubu)
Changwon누'부 (nu bu), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.)
Geochang누'부 (nu bu), '누나 ( nuna), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.)
Hapcheon누'부 (nu bu), 누'우 (nu u)
Changnyeong누'부 (nu bu), 누'비 (nu bi), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.)
Miryang누'부 (nu bu), 누'우 (nu u), '누나 ( nuna), 누'우야 (nu uya)
Hamyang누'우 (nu u), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.)
Sancheong누'우 (nu u), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.), 누우님 (nùúnìm) (hon), 눈님 (núnnìm) (hon.)
Uiryeong누'우 (nu u)
Hadong누'부 (nu bu), 누'우 (nu u), 누 (nu), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.), 누님 (núnìm) (hon.)
Jinju누'부 (nu bu), 누'우 (nu u), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.)
Haman누'부 (nu bu), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.)
Gimhae누'부 (nu bu)
Yangsan누'부 (nu bu), '누나 ( nuna)
Sacheon누'우 (nu u)
Goseong누'부 (nu bu), 누'우 (nu u)
Namhae누'부 (nu bu), 누'우 (nu u)
Geoje누'우 (nu u), 누'야 (nu ya) (chil.), 엉가 (éunggà)
Ulju누'부 (nu bu), '누나 ( nuna)
DiasporaHarbin눈님 (núnnìm)
Jeolla KoreanNorth JeollaGunsan누 (nu), 누님 (nunim)
Iksan누나 (nuna), 누님 (nunim)
Muju누지 (nūji), 누나 (nuna), 성 (seong), 형님 (hyeongnim)
South JeollaYeonggwang누나 (nūna), 누님 (nūnim)
Gokseong누 (nu)
Hampyeong누임 (nūim)
Muan누 (nu), 뉘 (nwī), 매씨 (messi) (married)
Gwangyang누님 (nūnim)
Jindo누나 (nūna), 누님 (nūnim)
Wando누나 (nūna), 누 (nu), 누님 (nūnim) (hon.), 뉨 (nwīm) (hon), 매씨 (messi) (married)
Goheung누님 (nūnim), 누나 (nūna) (voc.)
Yeosu누나 (nūna), 누님 (nūnim)
Pyongan KoreanSouth PyonganRyonggang누이 (nu'i) (unmarried, also y.), 누님 (nunim) (married)
Mundok누이 (nu'i) (unmarried, also y.), 누님 (nunim) (married)
North PyonganSonchon뉘 (nwi)
Ryongchon누이 (nu'i), 누님 (nunim) (hon.)
Chosan누이 (nu'i), 누님 (nunim) (married)
DiasporaShenyang누야 (nuya) (also y.)
Hamgyong KoreanNorth HamgyongSamsu누'어미 (nu eomi)
Yukjin KoreanYukjinKyongwon누비 (nùbì), 누배 (nùbàe)
DiasporaHunchun느비 (nèubì), 느베 (nèubè)
Longjing누애 (nùàe), 누얘 (nùyàe), 누이님 (nùìním) (married)
JejuJeju City누님 (nunim)
Daejeong누님 (nunim)
Gujwa누님 (nunim)
Seogwipo누님 (nunim)
hon.: honorific / voc.: vocative / chil.: childish (exact age range may differ)
also y.: refers to any sister of a male, regardless of relative age
This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers, which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas.

Descendants

  • Jeju: 누의 (nuui)
  • Korean: 누이 (nu'i)
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