밝다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆰ다〮 (Yale: pòlk-tá). Alternation of Middle Korean 븕다〮 (Yale: pùlk-tá, “to be red”, whence modern Korean 붉다 (bukda)); see there for more. From Old Korean 明斤 (*POlk).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bakda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?balgda
McCune–Reischauer?pakta
Yale Romanization?palkta

Adjective

Korean verb set
Base 밝다 (bakda)
Causative밝히다 (balkida)

밝다 • (bakda) (infinitive 밝아, sequential 밝으니)

  1. to be bright, to be brilliant
    Synonym: 훤하다 (hwonhada)
    Antonym: 어둡다 (eodupda)
  2. to be light, to be clear
    Antonym: 어둡다 (eodupda)
  3. to be acute, to be keen, to be learned
  4. to be cheerful, to be happy, to be optimistic
    Antonym: 어둡다 (eodupda)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 밝다 (bakda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝다
bakda 		밝아
balga 		밝아요
balgayo 		밝습니다
bakseumnida
Past 밝았다
balgatda 		밝았어
balgasseo 		밝았어요
balgasseoyo 		밝았습니다
balgatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝으냐
balgeunya 		밝아
balga 		밝아요
balgayo 		밝습니까
bakseumnikka
Past 밝았냐
balgannya 		밝았어
balgasseo 		밝았어요
balgasseoyo 		밝았습니까
balgatseumnikka
Assertive 밝겠다
balgetda		 밝겠어
balgesseo		 밝겠어요
balgesseoyo		 밝겠습니다
balgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 밝아
balga		 밝아서
balgaseo		 밝으니
balgeuni		 밝으니까
balgeunikka
Contrast 밝지만
bakjiman		 밝은데
balgeunde		 밝더니
bakdeoni
Conjunction 밝고
balgo
Condition 밝으면
balgeumyeon		 밝아야
balgaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 밝음
balgeum		 밝기
balgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝았음
balgasseum		 밝았기
balgatgi
Determiners Present 밝은
balgeun
Future 밝을
balgeul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝으시다
balgeusida 		밝으셔
balgeusyeo 		밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo 		밝으십니다
balgeusimnida
Past 밝으셨다
balgeusyeotda 		밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo 		밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo 		밝으셨습니다
balgeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝으시냐
balgeusinya 		밝으셔
balgeusyeo 		밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo 		밝으십니까
balgeusimnikka
Past 밝으셨냐
balgeusyeonnya 		밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo 		밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo 		밝으셨습니까
balgeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 밝으시겠다
balgeusigetda		 밝으시겠어
balgeusigesseo		 밝으시겠어요
balgeusigesseoyo		 밝으시겠습니다
balgeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으셔서
balgeusyeoseo		 밝으시니
balgeusini		 밝으시니까
balgeusinikka
Contrast 밝으시지만
balgeusijiman		 밝으신데
balgeusinde		 밝으시더니
balgeusideoni
Conjunction 밝으시고
balgeusigo
Condition 밝으시면
balgeusimyeon		 밝으셔야
balgeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 밝으심
balgeusim		 밝으시기
balgeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝으셨음
balgeusyeosseum		 밝으셨기
balgeusyeotgi
Determiners Present 밝으신
balgeusin
Future 밝으실
balgeusil

Verb

밝다 • (bakda) (infinitive 밝아, sequential 밝으니)

  1. (intransitive) to dawn

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 밝다 (bakda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝는다
bangneunda 		밝아
balga 		밝아요
balgayo 		밝습니다
bakseumnida
Past 밝았다
balgatda 		밝았어
balgasseo 		밝았어요
balgasseoyo 		밝았습니다
balgatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝느냐
bangneunya 		밝아
balga 		밝아요
balgayo 		밝습니까
bakseumnikka
Past 밝았느냐
balganneunya 		밝았어
balgasseo 		밝았어요
balgasseoyo 		밝았습니까
balgatseumnikka
Hortative 밝자
bakja		 밝아
balga		 밝아요
balgayo		 밝으십시다
balgeusipsida
Imperative 밝아라
balgara		 밝아
balga		 밝아요
balgayo		 밝읍시오
balgeupsio
Assertive 밝겠다
balgetda		 밝겠어
balgesseo		 밝겠어요
balgesseoyo		 밝겠습니다
balgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 밝아
balga		 밝아서
balgaseo		 밝으니
balgeuni		 밝으니까
balgeunikka
Contrast 밝지만
bakjiman		 밝는데
bangneunde		 밝더니
bakdeoni
Conjunction 밝고
balgo
Condition 밝으면
balgeumyeon		 밝아야
balgaya
Motive 밝으려고
balgeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 밝음
balgeum		 밝기
balgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝았음
balgasseum		 밝았기
balgatgi
Determiners Past 밝은
balgeun
Present 밝는
bangneun
Future 밝을
balgeul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝으신다
balgeusinda 		밝으셔
balgeusyeo 		밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo 		밝으십니다
balgeusimnida
Past 밝으셨다
balgeusyeotda 		밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo 		밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo 		밝으셨습니다
balgeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝으시느냐
balgeusineunya 		밝으셔
balgeusyeo 		밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo 		밝으십니까
balgeusimnikka
Past 밝으셨느냐
balgeusyeonneunya 		밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo 		밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo 		밝으셨습니까
balgeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 밝으시라
balgeusira		 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으세요
balgeuseyo		 밝으십시오
balgeusipsio
Assertive 밝으시겠다
balgeusigetda		 밝으시겠어
balgeusigesseo		 밝으시겠어요
balgeusigesseoyo		 밝으시겠습니다
balgeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으셔서
balgeusyeoseo		 밝으시니
balgeusini		 밝으시니까
balgeusinikka
Contrast 밝으시지만
balgeusijiman		 밝으시는데
balgeusineunde		 밝으시더니
balgeusideoni
Conjunction 밝으시고
balgeusigo
Condition 밝으시면
balgeusimyeon		 밝으셔야
balgeusyeoya
Motive 밝으시려고
balgeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 밝으심
balgeusim		 밝으시기
balgeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝으셨음
balgeusyeosseum		 밝으셨기
balgeusyeotgi
Determiners Past 밝으신
balgeusin
Present 밝으시는
balgeusineun
Future 밝으실
balgeusil

Derived terms

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