졸다

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Korean

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jolda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jolda
McCune–Reischauer?cholda
Yale Romanization?cōlta

Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄌᆞ올다〮 (Yale: còwòl-tá). The pre-Middle Korean form is reconstructed as *ᄌᆞᄇᆞᆯ *copol- on the strength of modern dialectal forms with /-p-/ in this word. Perhaps related to 자다 (jada, “to sleep”).

Verb

졸다 • (jolda) (infinitive 졸아, sequential 조니)

  1. (intransitive) to doze off; to be sleepy; to be drowsy
Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 졸다 (jolda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 존다
jonda 		졸아
jora 		졸아요
jorayo 		좁니다
jomnida
Past 졸았다
joratda 		졸았어
jorasseo 		졸았어요
jorasseoyo 		졸았습니다
joratseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 조느냐
joneunya 		졸아
jora 		졸아요
jorayo 		좁니까
jomnikka
Past 졸았느냐
joranneunya 		졸았어
jorasseo 		졸았어요
jorasseoyo 		졸았습니까
joratseumnikka
Hortative 졸자
jolja		 졸아
jora		 졸아요
jorayo		 조십시다
josipsida
Imperative 졸아라
jorara		 졸아
jora		 졸아요
jorayo		 좁시오
jopsio
Assertive 졸겠다
jolgetda		 졸겠어
jolgesseo		 졸겠어요
jolgesseoyo		 졸겠습니다
jolgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 졸아
jora		 졸아서
joraseo		 조니
joni		 조니까
jonikka
Contrast 졸지만
joljiman		 조는데
joneunde		 졸더니
joldeoni
Conjunction 졸고
jolgo
Condition 졸면
jolmyeon		 졸아야
joraya
Motive 졸려고
jollyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 졺
jom		 졸기
jolgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 졸았음
jorasseum		 졸았기
joratgi
Determiners Past 존
jon
Present 조는
joneun
Future 졸
jol
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 조신다
josinda 		조셔
josyeo 		조세요, 조셔요
joseyo, josyeoyo 		조십니다
josimnida
Past 조셨다
josyeotda 		조셨어
josyeosseo 		조셨어요
josyeosseoyo 		조셨습니다
josyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 조시느냐
josineunya 		조셔
josyeo 		조세요, 조셔요
joseyo, josyeoyo 		조십니까
josimnikka
Past 조셨느냐
josyeonneunya 		조셨어
josyeosseo 		조셨어요
josyeosseoyo 		조셨습니까
josyeotseumnikka
Imperative 조시라
josira		 조셔
josyeo		 조세요
joseyo		 조십시오
josipsio
Assertive 조시겠다
josigetda		 조시겠어
josigesseo		 조시겠어요
josigesseoyo		 조시겠습니다
josigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 조셔
josyeo		 조셔서
josyeoseo		 조시니
josini		 조시니까
josinikka
Contrast 조시지만
josijiman		 조시는데
josineunde		 조시더니
josideoni
Conjunction 조시고
josigo
Condition 조시면
josimyeon		 조셔야
josyeoya
Motive 조시려고
josiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 조심
josim		 조시기
josigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 조셨음
josyeosseum		 조셨기
josyeotgi
Determiners Past 조신
josin
Present 조시는
josineun
Future 조실
josil

Etymology 2

Verb

졸다 • (jolda) (infinitive 졸아, sequential 조니)

  1. (intransitive) to boil down, to boil away
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ 성은실 (Seong Eun-sil) (2013) “'졸다', '졸음', '졸리다'의 방언 분화 [jolda , joreum , jollida ui bang'eon bunhwa, Dialectal divergences in cwolta, cwolum, cwolita]”, in Bang'eonhak, volume 18, pages 265–286
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