First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 흔ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hùn-hòtá), which Alexander Vovin speculates is a (perhaps Mandarin-influenced) nativisation of the Sino-Korean term 흔하다 (很—, heunhada, “to be exceeding”).[1]
Equivalent to 흔 (heun) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | heunhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | heunhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | hŭnhada |
| Yale Romanization? | hun.hata |
흔하다 • (heunhada) (infinitive 흔해 or 흔하여, sequential 흔하니)
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 흔하다 heunhada |
흔해 heunhae |
흔해요 heunhaeyo |
흔합니다 heunhamnida |
| Past | 흔했다 heunhaetda |
흔했어 heunhaesseo |
흔했어요 heunhaesseoyo |
흔했습니다 heunhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 흔하냐 heunhanya |
흔해 heunhae |
흔해요 heunhaeyo |
흔합니까 heunhamnikka |
| Past | 흔했냐 heunhaennya |
흔했어 heunhaesseo |
흔했어요 heunhaesseoyo |
흔했습니까 heunhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 흔하겠다 heunhagetda |
흔하겠어 heunhagesseo |
흔하겠어요 heunhagesseoyo |
흔하겠습니다 heunhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 흔해 heunhae |
흔해서, 흔하여서 heunhaeseo, heunhayeoseo |
흔하니 heunhani |
흔하니까 heunhanikka | |
| Contrast | 흔하지만 heunhajiman |
흔한데 heunhande |
흔하더니 heunhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 흔하고 heunhago |
||||
| Condition | 흔하면 heunhamyeon |
흔해야, 흔하여야 heunhaeya, heunhayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 흔함 heunham |
흔하기 heunhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 흔했음, 흔하였음 heunhaesseum, heunhayeosseum |
흔했기, 흔하였기 heunhaetgi, heunhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 흔한 heunhan | |||
| Future | 흔할 heunhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 흔하시다 heunhasida |
흔하셔 heunhasyeo |
흔하세요, 흔하셔요 heunhaseyo, heunhasyeoyo |
흔하십니다 heunhasimnida |
| Past | 흔하셨다 heunhasyeotda |
흔하셨어 heunhasyeosseo |
흔하셨어요 heunhasyeosseoyo |
흔하셨습니다 heunhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 흔하시냐 heunhasinya |
흔하셔 heunhasyeo |
흔하세요, 흔하셔요 heunhaseyo, heunhasyeoyo |
흔하십니까 heunhasimnikka |
| Past | 흔하셨냐 heunhasyeonnya |
흔하셨어 heunhasyeosseo |
흔하셨어요 heunhasyeosseoyo |
흔하셨습니까 heunhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 흔하시겠다 heunhasigetda |
흔하시겠어 heunhasigesseo |
흔하시겠어요 heunhasigesseoyo |
흔하시겠습니다 heunhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 흔하셔 heunhasyeo |
흔하셔서 heunhasyeoseo |
흔하시니 heunhasini |
흔하시니까 heunhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 흔하시지만 heunhasijiman |
흔하신데 heunhasinde |
흔하시더니 heunhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 흔하시고 heunhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 흔하시면 heunhasimyeon |
흔하셔야 heunhasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 흔하심 heunhasim |
흔하시기 heunhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 흔하셨음 heunhasyeosseum |
흔하셨기 heunhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 흔하신 heunhasin | |||
| Future | 흔하실 heunhasil | ||||