𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐎹

Old Persian

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Chorasmia

Etymology 1

Literally "dark-soiled land",^[1] from *(h)uvāra- (“dark”) + *zmī- (“land”), cognate with the East Iranian form *Xvārazmī-.

Proper noun

𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐎹 (u-v-a-r-z-mi-i-y /ʰUvārazmiya-/)

Chorasmia

Descendants

(taking Old Persian as representative for all Old Iranian):

Old Persian: 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐏁 (ʰUvārazmiš), 𐏃𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐏁 (Huvārazmiš)
- Persian: خوارزم (xwârazm)
  - → Arabic: خَوَارِزْم (ḵawārizm)
  - → Armenian: Խորեզմ (Xorezm)
  - → Azerbaijani: Xarəzm
  - → English: Khwarazm
  - → Kazakh: Хорезм (Xorezm)
  - → Russian: Хоре́зм (Xorézm)
  - → Turkish: Harezm
  - → Turkmen: Horezm
  - → Uzbek: Xorazm
→ Akkadian:
Late Babylonian: 𒄷𒈠𒀪𒊏𒍝𒂔 (ḫu-ma-ʾ-ra-za-am /⁠Ḫumaʾrazam⁠/), 𒄷𒈠𒊑𒄑𒈠𒀪 (ḫu-ma-ri-iz-ma-ʾ /⁠Ḫumarizmaʾ⁠/), 𒄷𒈠𒊑𒄑𒈬 (ḫu-ma-ri-iz-mu /⁠Ḫumarizmu⁠/), 𒄷𒈠𒊑𒍣𒅎 (ḫu-ma-ri-zi-im /⁠Ḫumarizim⁠/)^[1]
→ Ancient Greek: Χορασμία (Khorasmía)
- → Latin: Chorasmia
  - French: Chorasmie
  - Italian: Corasmia
  - → English: Chorasmia
→ Egyptian:
Late Egyptian:

(ḫꜣrwsꜣmj),^[2]^[1]

(ḫꜣrwsꜣm)^[3]
→ Elamite:
Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒌇𒈪𒅀 (ma-ráš-mi-ia /⁠Marašmiya⁠/)^[1]

Etymology 2

Masculine gender adjective formed from 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐏁 (u-v-a-r-z-mi-i-š /⁠ʰUvārazmiš⁠/, “Chorasmia”) +‎ -𐎡𐎹 (-i-y /⁠-yaʰ⁠/, adjectival suffix), used as a substantive.

Adjective

𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐎹 (u-v-a-r-z-mi-i-y /ʰUvārazmīya/)

Chorasmian
𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐎹 ― iyam Uvārazmīya ― this is a Chorasmian^[4]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN
^ Jona Lendering, Susa, Statue of Darius, Subject R11, ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia), Livius.org
^ Posener, Georges (1936) La première domination perse en Égypte: Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques, page 184
^ Text: A.2P, Part No. 130, Old Persian Corpus, TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien

[tavernier-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN

[2] Jona Lendering, Susa, Statue of Darius, Subject R11, ch3rs3m' (OP. Uvârazmîy = Chorasmia), Livius.org

[3] Posener, Georges (1936) La première domination perse en Égypte: Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques, page 184

[4] Text: A.2P, Part No. 130, Old Persian Corpus, TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien

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