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Korean
Etymology
Shortened from 이라(고) 하오 (-i-ra(-go) ha-o, “ says that it is...”, in the semi-formal style).[1]
Pronunciation
Particle
이라우 • (-irau)
- (Jeolla dialect) Attached to nouns, or to the verb-final suffixes of the intimate style, to form the polite style (i.e. adding politeness).
- Synonyms: (Standard Korean, for verbs) 요 (-yo), (Standard Korean, for nouns) 이에요 (-i-eyo)
1998, 이기갑 [igigap], “전남 방언의 상대높임법 [jeonnam bang'eonui sangdaenopimbeop, The addressee honorifics of the southern Jeolla dialect]”, in Hangul, volume 240, pages 355—396:차말로 좋아라우 […] 멋이라우? […] 차말로 좋게 해 놨등구만이라우. […] 여그서 멋 하신게라우?- Chamal-lo joa-rau [ … ] meos-irau? [ … ] chamal-lo joke hae nwatdeungguman-irau. [ … ] yeogeu-seo meot hasin'ge-rau?
- I'm really pleased. What is this? They've done it really well. What are you doing here?
Usage notes
- It cannot be used after 어 (-eo, infinitive suffix) when said suffix is used to convey new questions or orders. When it is used after 어 (-eo) in such moods, it is always when repeating a previously stated question or order, in an echo question repeating back a question one has been asked, or in a rhetorical question.[1]
- 라우 (-rau) — after vowels
- 라오 (rao), 이라오 (-irao) — dated or archaic (primary form in 1930s)[1]
- 라 (-ra), 이라 (-ira) — more common in eastern Jeolla[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 고광모 (Ko Kwang-mo) (2004) “전남 방언의 상대높임법 조사 '(이)라우, (이)람니짜, (이)람니야, (이)랑가'와 '이다'의 기원과 형성 과정 [jeonnam bang'eonui sangdaenopimbeop josa -(i)rau, -(i)ramnijja, -(i)ramniya, -(i)rangga wa -ida ui giwon'gwa hyeongseong gwajeong, The development of the politeness markers -(i)lawu, -(i)lamnicca, -(i)lamniya, -(i)langka, and -ita in the southern Jeolla dialect of Korean]”, in Eoneohak, volume 38, pages 3—42