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The following word list of Hadza is from Kirk Miller (2019):
List
Wichmann & Holman basic 40-word list (also known as the ASJP word list), ordered by stability for Hadza roots:
English gloss |
Hadza
|
louse |
ccamazzi /ⁿǀˀamat͜sʼi/
|
two |
piye /pie/, konxa /koⁿǁa/ (verb)
|
water |
ati /ʔati/ (mpl; msg = 'rain, river')
|
ear |
hajjapitchi /ɦat͜ʃ’apit͜ʃʰi/
|
to die |
taxxi /taⁿǁˀi/, misi /misi/ (Datooga?)
|
I |
*one /ʔone/, */-ko/
|
liver |
xxe /ⁿǁˀe/
|
eye |
akhwa /ʔakʷʰa/
|
hand, arm |
ukhwa /ʔukʷʰa/
|
hear |
nxaʼe /ⁿǁaʔe/
|
tree |
zziti /t͜s’iti/
|
fish |
ccama /ⁿǀˀama/, ccara /ⁿǀˀaɺa/
|
name |
akhana /ʔakʰana/
|
stone |
haqqa /ɦaⁿǃˀa/
|
tooth |
aha /ʔaɦa/
|
breast |
iriba /ʔiɺiba/ ('breasts, milk'. Cushitic); ggazza /k͜x’at͜s’a/ ('flesh at sternum')
|
thou |
the /tʰe/, /-en-/ (m), /-n-/ (f)
|
path |
yeke /jeke/
|
bone |
midla /mic͜ʎ̥˔’a/ (cf. Dahalo)
|
tongue |
ncata /ⁿǀata/
|
skin |
ahu /ʔaɦu/
|
night |
zzifi /t͜s’ifi/ (m; f = 'day')
|
leaf |
hazzape /ɦat͜s’ape/
|
rain |
= 'water' (msg = 'rain, river'; mpl = 'water')
|
kill |
xô /ǁoː/
|
blood |
athama /ʔatʰama/
|
horn |
roo /ɺoʔo/
|
person |
haza /ɦad͜za/ (human), unu /ʔunu/ (person)
|
knee |
guringuri /ɡuɺiƞɡuɺi/ ~ gurunguri /ɡuɺuƞɡuɺi/ (Cushitic? pan-African)
|
one |
itchâme /ʔit͜ʃʰaːme/
|
nose |
intawe /ʔiƞtʰawe/
|
full |
ggaʼe /k͜x’aʔe/, *cco- /ⁿǀˀo-/
|
come |
za /d͜za/ (Bantu), botco /bot͜ʃo/ (stem of imperative)
|
star |
ntsa /ƞt͜sʰa/, sa /sa/ (Cushitic?)
|
mountain |
xxudle /ⁿǁˀuc͜ʎ̥˔’e/
|
fire |
zzoko /t͜s’oko/
|
we (exclusive) |
ô /ʔoː/, /-j-/
|
to drink |
fa /fʷa/
|
to see |
chî /ǀʰiː/ ~ cî /ǀiː/
|
bark |
heggwa /ɦek͜xʷ’a/
|
new |
zana /d͜zana/
|
dog |
xhaano /ǁʰaʔano/, tîngi /tiːƞki/
|
sun |
isho /ʔiʃo/
|
Notes and references
- ^ Miller, Kirk. 2019. Hadza. Glottopedia.
- ^ cf. ccezze /ⁿǀˀet͜s’e/ 'tick'
- ^ from hazzape /ɦat͜s’ape/ 'leaf'?
- ^ If *-ko-a > /-kʷa/ rather than *-kʷa-ʔV > /-koʔo/.
- ^ Anyawire et al. (2013) only found ntsa. Tucker et al. (1977) report sa 'star', and Woodburn confirms the form he knows does not have a nasal onset. /ƞ/ + /sa/ would generate /ƞt͜sʰa/. Indeed, speakers do not care if the latter is written ntsa or nsa. There are several Cushitic loanwords that have an onset that varies as C ~ NC in Hadza where the source language is only reconstructed with C.
- ^ from za 'come'?
External links