Appendix:Hadza word list

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The following word list of Hadza is from Kirk Miller (2019):[1]

List

Wichmann & Holman basic 40-word list (also known as the ASJP word list), ordered by stability for Hadza roots:

English gloss Hadza
louse ccamazzi /ⁿǀˀamat͜sʼi/[2]
two piye /pie/, konxa /koⁿǁa/ (verb)
water ati /ʔati/ (mpl; msg = 'rain, river')
ear hajjapitchi /ɦat͜ʃ’apit͜ʃʰi/[3]
to die taxxi /taⁿǁˀi/, misi /misi/ (Datooga?)
I *one /ʔone/, */-ko/[4]
liver xxe /ⁿǁˀe/
eye akhwa /ʔakʷʰa/
hand, arm ukhwa /ʔukʷʰa/
hear nxaʼe /ⁿǁaʔe/
tree zziti /t͜s’iti/
fish ccama /ⁿǀˀama/, ccara /ⁿǀˀaɺa/
name akhana /ʔakʰana/
stone haqqa /ɦaⁿǃˀa/
tooth aha /ʔaɦa/
breast iriba /ʔiɺiba/ ('breasts, milk'. Cushitic); ggazza /k͜x’at͜s’a/ ('flesh at sternum')
thou the /tʰe/, /-en-/ (m), /-n-/ (f)
path yeke /jeke/
bone midla /mic͜ʎ̥˔’a/ (cf. Dahalo)
tongue ncata /ⁿǀata/
skin ahu /ʔaɦu/
night zzifi /t͜s’ifi/ (m; f = 'day')
leaf hazzape /ɦat͜s’ape/
rain = 'water' (msg = 'rain, river'; mpl = 'water')
kill xô /ǁoː/
blood athama /ʔatʰama/
horn roo /ɺoʔo/
person haza /ɦad͜za/ (human), unu /ʔunu/ (person)
knee guringuri /ɡuɺiƞɡuɺi/ ~ gurunguri /ɡuɺuƞɡuɺi/ (Cushitic? pan-African)
one itchâme /ʔit͜ʃʰaːme/
nose intawe /ʔiƞtʰawe/
full ggaʼe /k͜x’aʔe/, *cco- /ⁿǀˀo-/
come za /d͜za/ (Bantu), botco /bot͜ʃo/ (stem of imperative)
star ntsa /ƞt͜sʰa/, sa /sa/ (Cushitic?)[5]
mountain xxudle /ⁿǁˀuc͜ʎ̥˔’e/
fire zzoko /t͜s’oko/
we (exclusive) ô /ʔoː/, /-j-/
to drink fa /fʷa/
to see chî /ǀʰiː/ ~ cî /ǀiː/
bark heggwa /ɦek͜xʷ’a/
new zana /d͜zana/[6]
dog xhaano /ǁʰaʔano/, tîngi /tiːƞki/
sun isho /ʔiʃo/

Notes and references

  1. ^ Miller, Kirk. 2019. Hadza. Glottopedia.
  2. ^ cf. ccezze /ⁿǀˀet͜s’e/ 'tick'
  3. ^ from hazzape /ɦat͜s’ape/ 'leaf'?
  4. ^ If *-ko-a > /-kʷa/ rather than *-kʷa-ʔV > /-koʔo/.
  5. ^ Anyawire et al. (2013) only found ntsa. Tucker et al. (1977) report sa 'star', and Woodburn confirms the form he knows does not have a nasal onset. /ƞ/ + /sa/ would generate /ƞt͜sʰa/. Indeed, speakers do not care if the latter is written ntsa or nsa. There are several Cushitic loanwords that have an onset that varies as C ~ NC in Hadza where the source language is only reconstructed with C.
  6. ^ from za 'come'?
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