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The following is a reproduction of the alleged Polish-Yotvingian glossary "Pagan dialects from Narew" (Pogańske gwary z Narewu) discovered in the 1970s. Since the original manuscript was lost, this is based on the notes made by its discoverer Viačaslau Zinou, and therefore there are likely to be errors.
There is not a consensus among the scholars that the language is indeed Yotvingian/Sudovian, the Western Baltic language. An alternative theory claims that it is a local dialect of Lithuanian influenced by Yiddish.
The glossary can be found in the following sources:
- Zigmas Zinkevičius (1984) “Польско-ятвяжский словарик? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Балто-славянские исследования 1983 (in Russian), volume 4, number 5, Moscow: Наука, archived from the original on 2021-10-21
- Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985) “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica (in Lithuanian), volume 21, number 1, Vilnius: VU, →DOI
- Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985) “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? (tęsinys) [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary? (continued)]”, in Baltistica (in Lithuanian), volume 21, number 2, Vilnius: VU, →DOI
The second article includes a scan.
Pagan dialects from Narew
Number |
Polish |
Gloss |
English |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian |
Notes
|
1 |
ja |
aʃ |
I |
as |
àš
|
|
2 |
ty |
tu |
thou, you |
|
tù
|
|
3 |
chcieć |
wułd |
want |
|
|
|
4 |
on |
eʃ |
he |
|
jiẽ
|
|
5 |
zęb |
dontiʃ |
tooth |
|
|
|
6 |
głowa |
kałfa |
head |
|
|
|
7 |
noga |
kaj |
foot, leg |
|
|
|
8 |
ręka |
hantuʃ |
hand, arm |
|
|
|
9 |
brzuch |
wendoriʃ |
belly, stomach |
|
|
|
10 |
drzewo |
mejdo |
tree |
|
|
|
11 |
żyć |
giwatti |
live |
|
|
|
12 |
ziemie |
zem |
land |
|
|
|
13 |
dawać |
dodi |
give, allow |
|
|
|
14 |
ʃiekera |
tirtiʃ |
axe |
|
|
|
15 |
broda |
ʃmakra |
beard, chin |
|
|
|
16 |
wieʃ |
aucima |
village, countryside |
|
|
|
17 |
ryby |
żuwo |
fish |
|
|
|
18 |
pan |
wiroʃ |
sir |
|
|
|
19 |
kobieta |
wirba |
woman |
|
|
|
20 |
deszcz |
letʃ |
rain |
|
|
|
21 |
tylko |
tik |
just, only |
|
|
|
22 |
wiotr |
winta |
wind |
|
|
|
23 |
woda |
auu |
water |
|
|
|
24 |
niedzwedz |
łukaʃ |
bear |
|
|
|
25 |
wilk |
wułks |
wolf |
|
|
|
26 |
jełen |
brid |
deer |
|
|
|
27 |
iłe |
ʃik |
how much |
|
|
|
28 |
bagno |
puro |
swamp |
|
|
|
29 |
góra |
kauni |
mountain |
|
|
|
30 |
kto |
kit |
who |
|
|
|
31 |
szczęście |
łauma |
happiness, luck |
|
|
|
32 |
wola |
łauʃa |
will, volition |
|
|
|
33 |
przeciw |
praʃ |
against |
|
|
|
34 |
słowo |
ward |
word |
|
|
|
35 |
mówić |
taurit |
say, talk |
|
|
|
36 |
więc |
maiaʃ |
therefore |
|
|
|
37 |
powiedź |
paʃauk |
tell! |
|
|
|
38 |
ufać |
tibt |
trust, rely on |
|
|
|
39 |
twardy |
kit |
hard |
|
|
|
40 |
noć |
nakt |
night |
|
|
|
41 |
ałie |
bat |
but |
|
|
|
42 |
dzień |
dinʃ |
day |
|
|
|
43 |
brać |
emt |
take |
|
|
|
44 |
mieć |
turd |
have |
|
|
|
45 |
płakać |
wajrid |
cry |
|
|
|
46 |
dziewczyna |
mejdo |
girl |
|
|
|
47 |
nos |
naʃiʃ |
nose |
|
|
|
48 |
bez |
ʃjałe |
without? elderberry? lilac? |
|
|
|
49 |
sosna |
puʃe |
pine |
|
|
|
50 |
jodłowića |
egłe |
fir, spruce? |
|
|
|
51 |
można |
gełi |
be possible; can |
|
|
|
52 |
wina |
cauta |
guilt, fault |
|
|
|
53 |
widzieć |
zurdit |
see |
|
|
|
54 |
patrzyć |
mact |
look |
|
|
|
55 |
na, do |
an |
ant |
|
|
|
56 |
w, do |
ii |
at, to |
|
|
|
57 |
bóg |
deuʃ |
god |
|
|
|
58 |
las |
miʃzta |
forest |
|
|
|
59 |
myśłeć |
pratat |
think |
|
|
|
60 |
piorko |
ʃpiła |
feather, pen |
|
|
|
61 |
wedzieć |
gindi |
know |
|
|
|
62 |
kśięrzyc |
monda |
moon |
|
|
|
63 |
włosy |
laugi |
hair |
|
|
|
64 |
ptak |
paud |
bird |
|
|
|
65 |
chodzić |
ejd |
go, walk |
|
|
|
66 |
szedł |
ejo |
he went |
|
|
|
67 |
chować |
ʃłibd |
hide, conceal |
|
|
|
68 |
będę |
buʃ |
I will be |
|
|
|
69 |
ognisko |
ugne |
bonfire, fire |
|
|
|
70 |
pogańske |
Pjarkuʃ |
(pagan gods?) |
|
|
|
71 |
pogańske |
łaume |
(pagan gods?) |
|
|
|
72 |
krzyrzacy |
guti |
Teutonic Knights |
|
|
|
73 |
moʃkałi |
drygi |
Muscovites, Russians |
|
|
|
74 |
czekać |
łaud |
wait |
|
|
|
75 |
czemu |
kandi |
why, for what |
|
|
|
76 |
rodzić |
gemd |
give birth |
|
|
|
77 |
buśieł |
garʃ |
stork |
|
|
|
78 |
lisa |
łapʃ |
fox |
|
|
|
79 |
zając |
zagʃ |
hare |
|
|
|
80 |
słuchać |
hirdet |
listen |
|
|
|
81 |
tęcza |
argikaʃ |
rainbow |
|
|
|
82 |
ćiąć |
piaud |
cut |
|
|
|
83 |
sam |
patʃ |
oneself |
|
|
|
84 |
sami |
pati |
oneself |
|
|
|
85 |
robić |
radid |
work |
|
|
|
86 |
długa |
iłg |
long |
|
|
|
87 |
kochać miłować |
miłdat |
love, cherish |
|
|
|
88 |
łeżać |
gułd |
lie down |
|
|
|
89 |
brzoza |
birʃ |
birch |
|
|
|
90 |
ʃwińa |
kuma |
pig |
|
|
|
91 |
powietrze |
aiʃ |
air |
|
|
|
92 |
rzeka |
upa |
river |
|
|
|
93 |
ezero |
ziro |
lake |
|
|
|
94 |
koń |
zirgo |
horse |
|
|
|
95 |
lodź |
ławe |
boat |
|
|
|
96 |
rzeka Narew |
Naura
|
Narew |
|
|
|
97 |
praca |
rada |
work |
|
|
|
98 |
polak |
mażugaʃ |
Pole |
|
|
|
99 |
matka |
ate |
mother |
|
|
|
100 |
ojceć |
tewʃ |
father |
|
|
|
101 |
dzieci |
barnaj |
children |
|
|
|
102 |
wrzystko |
wiʃa |
everything, all |
|
|
|
103 |
ten |
taʃ |
this |
|
|
|
104 |
słóńcie |
ʃała |
sun |
|
|
|
105 |
przyciśni |
ʃaʃpriziz(a?) |
press! |
|
|
|
106 |
begać |
ʃkraid |
run |
|
|
|
107 |
czas |
ajki |
time |
|
|
|
108 |
jabłko |
ałm |
apple |
|
|
|
109 |
dla mni |
man |
for me |
|
|
|
110 |
moje |
mano |
my |
|
|
|
111 |
walka |
karo |
combat |
|
|
|
112 |
pokój |
mera |
peace |
|
|
|
113 |
kamień |
akmi |
stone |
|
|
|
114 |
wargi |
łibaj |
lips |
|
|
|
115 |
ocze |
augi |
eyes |
|
|
|
116 |
koniec |
ajga |
end |
|
|
|
117 |
kończyć |
ajgd |
end |
|
|
|
118 |
inny |
cit |
another |
|
|
|
119 |
drugi |
andar |
other, second |
|
|
|
120 |
trawa |
zil |
grass |
|
|
|
121 |
pierśi |
pikra |
chest |
|
|
|
122 |
pamiętać |
pramind |
remember |
|
|
|
123 |
umrzeć |
mort |
die |
|
|
|
124 |
język |
wałda |
language |
|
|
|
125 |
cicho |
kajłi |
quietly |
|
|
|
126 |
szlach |
weda |
trail |
|
|
|
127 |
pływać |
łaudt |
swim, float, sail |
|
|
|
128 |
diabał |
tuołiʃ |
devil |
|
|
|
129 |
mały |
maz |
small |
|
|
|
130 |
wiełki |
łełʃ |
big |
|
|
|
131 |
wiełe |
daug |
many |
|
|
|
132 |
burza |
wiiʃ |
storm |
|
|
|
133 |
człowiek |
mard |
person |
|
|
|
134 |
ciemno |
dumo |
dark |
|
|
|
135 |
piosienka |
daina |
song |
|
|
|
136 |
spiewać |
dainid |
sing |
|
|
|
137 |
lud |
taud |
people, folk |
|
|
|
138 |
tata |
paderʃ |
dad |
|
|
|
139 |
dym |
arʃ |
smoke |
|
|
|
140 |
pić |
terd |
drink |
|
|
|
141 |
eść |
ezd |
eat |
|
|
|
142 |
źwierz |
wirza |
beast |
|
|
|
143 |
pózno |
auli |
late |
|
|
|
144 |
ja estem |
aʃ irm |
I am |
|
|
|
145 |
grzyby |
ʃini |
mushrooms |
|
|
|
146 |
mięso |
fała |
meat |
|
|
|
147 |
szukać |
ʃibd |
search |
|
|
|
148 |
rzucać |
narʃad |
throw |
|
|
|
149 |
dziura |
ʃuła |
hole |
|
|
|
150 |
dom |
chad |
house |
|
|
|
151 |
bydło |
pesi |
cattle |
|
|
|
152 |
pios |
kuo |
dog |
|
|
|
153 |
przez |
par |
through |
|
|
|
154 |
także |
je |
also |
|
|
|
155 |
było |
wał |
was |
|
|
|
156 |
sowa |
puc |
owl |
|
|
|
157 |
wrona |
kraugiʃ |
crow |
|
|
|
158 |
orzeł |
adłiʃ |
eagle |
|
|
|
159 |
światło |
łajcha |
light |
|
|
|
160 |
śiedzieć |
ʃid |
sit |
|
|
|
161 |
obok |
paʃ |
beside, near |
|
|
|
162 |
czarny |
mełno |
black |
|
|
|
163 |
żułty |
zełd |
yellow |
|
|
|
164 |
bieły |
bałtaʃ |
white |
|
|
|
165 |
czerwony |
raude |
red |
|
|
|
166 |
źimno |
kałdi |
cold |
|
|
|
167 |
gorące |
tarmi |
hot |
|
|
|
168 |
łiść |
płatʃ |
leaf |
|
|
|
169 |
nóż |
ʃworʃtiʃ |
knife |
|
|
|
170 |
młody |
iauniʃ |
young |
|
|
|
171 |
stary |
ʃenʃ |
old |
|
|
|
172 |
zmija |
ʃerpine |
snake |
|
|
|
173 |
jenom |
anłi |
only? |
|
|
|
174 |
jeden |
anʃ |
one |
|
|
|
175 |
dwa |
duo |
two |
|
|
|
176 |
trzy |
triʃ |
three |
|
|
|
177 |
cztery |
teter |
four |
|
|
|
178 |
pięć |
pank |
five |
|
|
|
179 |
sześć |
sziasz |
six |
|
|
|
180 |
sedem |
geptiʃ |
seven |
|
|
|
181 |
osiem |
aktiʃ |
eight |
|
|
|
182 |
łąka |
wiza |
meadow |
|
|
|
183 |
dobrze |
buni |
well |
|
|
|
184 |
dobry |
pagiʃ |
good |
|
|
|
185 |
dąb |
ejchol |
oak |
|
|
|
186 |
kwiat |
fłumʃ |
flower |
|
|
|
187 |
co |
kar |
what |
|
|
|
188 |
pałić |
degt |
burn |
|
|
|
189 |
do góry |
auchʃ |
upward |
|
|
|
190 |
wzrastać |
augd |
grow, increase |
|
|
|
191 |
korzeń |
wurc |
root |
|
|
|
192 |
nowy |
nau |
new |
|
|
|
193 |
sen |
seno |
sleep, dream |
|
|
|
194 |
spać |
ʃłaubd |
sleep |
|
|
|
195 |
bardzo |
łaba |
very |
|
|
|
196 |
zdrowie |
wałtida |
health |
|
|
|
197 |
potom |
ʃpot |
then, afterwards |
|
|
|
198 |
zwycie, żywać |
wikruoti |
? |
|
|
|
199 |
skóra |
a...oʃ (atoʃ?) |
skin, leather |
|
|
|
200 |
krew |
ʃi...ga (sikga?)
|
blood |
|
|
|
201 |
nasz |
m...tar (muʃtar?) |
our |
|
|
|
202 |
silny |
ʃt...r (str?) |
strong |
|
|
|
203 |
prawy |
dag...ʃ (dagks?) |
right (“direction”) |
|
|
|
204 |
trzeba |
wa... (wa?) |
be necessary |
|
|
|
205 |
imię |
nom...ʃ (nomos?) |
name |
|
|
|
206 |
bośiań |
aucm |
stork |
|
|
A misreading of Russian аист (aist).
|
207 |
bośiań |
gerwe |
stork |
|
|
|
208 |
bośiań |
ʃterkaʃ |
stork |
|
|
|
209 |
buśieł |
garʃ |
stork |
|
|
|
210 |
żuraw |
ʃterkaʃ |
crane |
|
|
|
211 |
żuraw |
garʃ |
crane |
|
|
|
212 |
matecznik |
gyr |
primeval forest, nature reserve |
|
|
|
213 |
prosto |
rekti |
directly |
|
|
|
214 |
rodzina wujki wujenki |
gimna |
family uncles aunts |
|
|
|
215 |
zdrowe wyczucie |
iauda |
health feeling |
|
|
|