The following word lists of Atlantic languages of Guinea are from Fields (2001, 2008).
Basic vocabulary from Edda Fields (2001):
| English gloss | Nalu | Mbulungish | Mboteni | Sitemu | Landuma | Temne | Bullom | Kisi | Gola |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | d-endek | b-en | mbɔ | in, t-in | iin | d-in, ki-in | bull, nimbul, mbul | pilɛ | ba |
| two | b-ilɛ | di, s-ili | s-ale | mɛ-rʊŋ | ma-rʊŋ | rʊŋ | ting | diiŋ | tiel, tie, tsei |
| three | p-aat, pat, pwaat | t-ɛt, sitet | ndɛr | mas | ma-saas | sas | rah | yaa | tul, tal, taal |
| four | bii-naan, bi-na | nɛŋ, si-nɛ | na, nɛŋ | ma-ŋlɛ | ma-ŋgʊlɛ | ma-ŋle | niɔl | hiɔɔlu | tina |
| five | ki-camʊt | kʊ-caamʊt | ʈamat | ||||||
| head | n-id | kap | kap, ngap | dɔ-bomp | da-wump, da-hump | bomp | bull | bolleŋ, holla | koma |
| hair | m-lɛw | li | xaɸ | tya-fun | kʊ-foon | fon | idɛring | yiiŋnde | odum |
| nose | ɲin | pɛn | ndo, ndoŋdo | a-lolYm | ta-soth, ta-suth | a-suth, a-sot | min | miŋndo | e-mia |
| ear | n-nɛw | nop | nʊf | lʊŋʊs | a-lʊnʊs, a-rʊns | a-lʊns, a-lʊs | nui | nileŋ | nu |
| eye | n-cɛt | ʃɛt | tʃir / si-kir | dɔ-fɔr | da-fɔr | for | foll | hɔlten | e-fe |
| mouth | n-sol | tul | sul | ku-su | kʊ-suŋ | saŋ | ɲɛn | sondoo | o-na, ɲa |
| tongue | n-lem, rim | lim | lom | te-mera | da-mera | ra-mer | mulliŋ, li-mɛliŋ | diɔ-muleŋ | me-miel, o-mie, meer-o |
| tooth | m-fef / a-fef | tet / ʃi-tet | tʊl / sʊ-rʊl | de-sek | da-sek | sek | ɛ-chang | ciŋnde | sia |
| neck | n-sɔr, n-sol | wok | tʃɛx, tʃɛxʊl | ki-lim | kʊ-lim | lim | tumack | kɛsei / kɛsoŋ | gben, ke-gbe |
| breast | n-bin | m-bin | yala | tɛ-sɛ | da-sa | kapʈ | kith | mɛɛleŋ, mɛɛyaŋ | ya |
| hand | n-tɛ | tɛ | ra / a-ra saiɛ | kʊ-tya | kɔ-tsa, tsɔ-tsa | ʈa | pɛah | balaŋ | boli |
| nail/claw | wenyc / a-wenyc | ki-tet | tʃʊvʊl / a-ndʒʊval | a-sɛnty, a-sɛnts | a-sans, ya-sans, a-sanc | a-santʊk, a-sʊntik | sentung, sɛnthɛŋ | yɛmbɛi; kpiɔɔŋ | |
| arm | n-te | l-tɛ | ra | kʊ-ca; id-banca | kʊ-ca; kʊ-banca | kʊ-ta | peah, pia | baa | boli |
| heart | yin | kum | nd-yon | t-im | m-iim | m-im | gboll | kɔllo, kɔltaŋ | ke-dzi, ke-dzil |
| stomach | n-lax | lola | p-pur | kur | k-or | k-or | kum, kun | demboo; pulei | o-golo |
| liver | ɲaɲ; papat; kamɲaak | ndoŋ | lol | tu-mbutɔktyar | m-im | m-im | yemnde | ||
| foot | n-gbank | si / ɛ-si | su / o-su | tyɛk; a-ni | k-aʈak; ni | u-beng, peng | bɛŋoo; pelel / peloŋ | kogolo, ke-guro; k-kpa | |
| leg | tɛŋk | luŋ | su / o-su | tyʊkin, kʊ-tyɛk | ya-cʊk; a-lʊnk | laŋk | loonk | bɛŋoo; pelel / peloŋ | kogolo, ke-guro; k-kpa |
| knee | m-bobax / a-bobax | bɛtʃ; rap | po | dɔ-wu | da-bu, tsɔ-bu | wu | loonk / a-loonk | wuleŋ | dzendi; gendi |
| skin | fel; ma-kuŋ; ntɔnkot | kata | kara / xara | kata | a-reka; dis | der; reka | kar, kɔ | kɔr-o, kɔɔleŋ / kɔɛi | koro, kɔlɔ, kolo |
| blood | ɲ-yaak / a-yaak | yel | yɛla | me-tyir | ma-tsir, ma-cir | tsir | nkong | koowaŋ | sa, ma-sei, ma-sen |
| bone | n-hol | mboi | loŋ / sa-loŋ | kʊ-bɛnt | kʊ-bʊnt | bant, kʊ-bonth | pah | paa | ke-kpa |
| name | riiɸ | yin | yin | te-we / me-we | tayif | bonʈ; n-es | ilillɛ | diolaŋ | e-del |
| person | n-yin / be-ɲin | wun | wunʊ | fum | fum | fam; w-uni | no | nɔɔ; wana | |
| man | nlam-cel | mɛsil | kʊ-tʃel | wur-kun | o-runi, o-rukuni | runi | nopolan, po pok | wanapɔnɔɔ; laŋgbaa | fela; onunkpun |
| woman | nlam-fay | mɔsɔ | wissi / u-gisi | vʊ-ran | o-raani | wuni bom | noma; nolakan | laandɔɔ, wanalanɔɔ | oson; niɔ |
| water | ngɔl / a-gɔl, ŋol | tɔ | sɔ | dɔ-mun | da-mun, m-anc | m-ant | men | mɛŋndaŋ | mai, mande, mandi |
| rain | n-kaak / a-kaak; n-tak | sa / isa olo | yu | vʊ-tyafʊn | tuf, tsafun; kɔm | tuf; kɔm | poor | piɔɔ | ngora; ma-gwala |
| cloud | a-ɲaluŋ; m-rahat | boʃ; ku-bunc | ma; f-us; wur | kibi; kam; ki-di | da-rʊnc; a-kuɸaŋ | ɔ-kuru | hvoy | halaa / halalaŋ | |
| smoke | bɔd; mbahat; yɔhɔt | puʃ; dutʃ | sʊnʊf | k-inimɛ | k-iima | k-ima | ɛgbim | kumnde | |
| sun | yakaf / a-yakaf | na | na | d-ety | kʊ-tʊŋ, ku-tʊnk | r-eʈ | pall | paaleŋ | goyɛ; egwee |
| moon | mbilaŋ | bel | pʊl | nwof | ŋ-oof | n-of | ɛ-paŋ | paŋei | o-wala |
| star | ma-saar; nna-huɸ; ma-bɔɔɸ | lolo | tʃangɔlɛ | k-ɔs | e-kɔs | kɔs, a-tɔs | ul-ui / ŋ-lui | lue | ke-du |
| night | n-tiŋkɔɔt | po | po-mban | pi-bi | cak, tsare tsak | ʈakʈak | chuln | yumdan; ɲum | dum |
| fire | m-mɛt, met | butʊloŋ; mbutʃ, mbut | mer | nɛnty | n-eenc | n-anʈ | dyom | yiŋnde | hwomo |
| ash | m-ferfer | bof | fas | ku-bof | kɔ-bɔf | r-os; ka-buf | tipil | pultaŋ | |
| tree | n-ti / a-ti | ti, ki-ti | tili, li | kʊ-tɔk | ke-tog, kʊ-tɔɔk | n-anʈ | rum | yɔmndo | ke-kul, kulu |
| bark | m-kampur | ku-pul | ɛ-xʊl, aŋʊl | ku-pol | ya-pul | a-kpɔl | boo | ||
| leaf | n-teek / a-teek | ŋwaleŋ, ŋgalɛ | yombo | a-bɔpr | a-buma | bopar | pom | peeleŋ | otua |
| seed | m-kofok | awuɲi-calɛ | sagun-sɛla | ki-bʊl; ki-buf | a-cir | sanʈ; ka-gbʊnk | kuloo; tendei; yɛiye | ||
| sand | fiif | yec | foŋalɛ; n-ces | kɛ-sɛnts, a-sinc | ke-sents, kʊ-sʊnc | ke-sʊnt | shung | sioŋnde | ehe |
| root | m-bul | yaŋ | sin / sɛ-sin | ku-tyɔnty | ke-ndosonts | taŋk, a-thʊŋk | utunk, thiŋk | puundileŋ | ke-golo |
| mountain/hill | n-kaya | roŋ, ɔ-rɔnk | yorɛma | tɔrɔ | t-oorʊŋ | tseŋ | kick | pembei / pemboŋ | to-tol |
| soil | n-fɔf, n-fooɸ | boŋ; mbo | marɛ wala | a-ntɔf | a-tɔɔf | tof | lɛleh | cieŋndo; lɛŋndeŋ | edi, edil, edzil |
| stone | laak | gbo / tʃɔ-gbo | la | ta-sar; gbalaŋ | a-saar | sar; gbalaŋ | pay | tɛnɛi; kpoowaa; pouwo | mbalei |
| louse | mma-leŋ | lanka | tʃe-langa | kʊ-langa | k-ar | k-ar | ulah | siŋndo | ogbun |
| dog | maa-bet, ma-bet, babete | but, a-but, a-butul | wur / avʊr, avʊrʊl | a-tyen | a-cen | ʈan | tumoi | tuŋndo | osun |
| bird | maa-fer / baa-frɛ | keʃ / a-keʃel | dʒin-dʒo | a-bɛmp | a-bʊmp, a-bap | bamp | ɛ-vay | youwo | owe |
| feather | m-fil | luf | sindʒa | kʊ-rɔt / rɔt | k-upa | k-upo | idɛring | bɔlleŋ | odum |
| egg | n-yin | in, kin, siyin | bungun | a-mes | da-mes | da-mes | pil | pelteŋ | ke-ku |
| path/route | mbam | ker | doŋpo, dɔ-pɔ | d-on | a-ruŋ, r-oŋ | kɛyo | |||
| horn | n-sin | len | si | kʊ-lɛn | a-leen | a-len | leeyo | esi | |
| tail | ma-ykaya; m-yaank | tan / a-tane | ndʊr | kʊ-liŋa | kʊ-leeŋa | leŋa | ulum | lomdeŋ | iri |
| meat | m-naak / a-nak | ʃiino | ŋɔ | tɛ-sɛm | a-sɛɛm | sem | ŋ-viss | wisie | dze; ofa; kpunu |
| fish | maa-leŋ / baa-lŋɛ | mpuŋ / o-puŋʊl | li-ɛligʊy | a-lop | a-lop | lop | ɛvou | suuwo | o-kei |
| milk | n-bin, m-bin | bɛni, abiniŋ | mban | ki-yɛ | m-asa | m-asa | moli | mɛɛleŋ | ya-male |
| white | wuɲɛ | puli | fur-lɛ | fir | ta-fera | fera | dinteh, linteh | humbu | fua |
| black | m-balax | bali | voi | bi | ta-bi | bi | tɛ | tiŋi | dio, die, de, dzie, dia |
| red | nsɛhɛ | bili | ongama; ncimʊn | mɛ-yin | ma-loli; ma-gbʊŋgi | ɔ-yim | shah | siaŋa | nwene, yiwa, yuwa |
| big | tibel | yaŋi | mfʊmɛni; iŋcum-ungʊn | poŋ | o-baki | bana | bomung, bomu | bɛndu, yiŋbaŋ | |
| small | ka-tilot | poʃdeli; ku-sera | fʊɲiɲinʊdi; pɛmbɛta | tayk tehk; fɛt | o-tana | lol | pomoh | poombɔ | tolo |
| all | piriŋ | ʃeŋ | pɛmbɛta | ŋa | naŋ | buleing | kpa, kpou | gbi | |
| long | m-lanna | lani, landeŋ | funʊ-ngano; vʊx; am-fua | bulu | a-mbolɛ | boli | will | wilɛi | mula, melomelo |
| short | woʃ | kumb | tuŋ, toon | biŋi | kpu, kpul | ||||
| new | yape | wami | mʊŋ, ŋamɛ; lamɛ | pu-u | ta-fu | fu | san | sɛnɛi | bo, bowo; dzei |
| old | gihit | ku-puk; pu-tup | woxo; wu-xɔwu | mu-kur | ta-kur | kur | bɛndu; paandu; yuwɛi | ||
| ripe | sihap; m-sahɛ; m-ɲilha | ki-bili | nwacem; ka-cimi | pu-lulu | ta-loli | boli; loli | kala | yuwa | |
| other | m-doŋ mɔɔ | n-ko; l-peni | a-mun | pɔ-rɔ | ma-mɔŋma; ta-curu | lom; lɔl | celeŋ | ||
| dry | kaɸɸa | mɔyi; yeca | wol; fuɲi; wɔxa-faxʊm | pu-wusu | ta-wusi, ma-osi | wosa | wɔsɛgal | bandila | wa, wea, woa |
| good | kɔn; laŋ | lʊm, pu-umi | w-lom | pɔ-dɔt, pɔ-tɔt | ta-tɔt | fino | keleng | kɛndɛ | sia; tebe, teve |
| hot | o-sabah | bɛn | sa | wunu | a-wuna | fa | took | tuu | bia; me |
| full | wur | la | payeh | dia | |||||
| cold | ku-hon | hon | tʃila; sɔ | pe-cank | ta-caŋgi, a-ntsank | ʈaŋk | buffle | buŋnde; hueiye; ɲulu | doŋ, don; fui |
| this one | mpɛ; wɛ | eyi; amɛl, anɛ; yin; eɲɛ | lahna kɛ | ||||||
| that one | muh; dumɔ | n-koʃita; iŋkonuŋ | amel | ndendɛ; pɔkɔr; pɔrɔwɛ | ma-ŋna | amaŋ, aŋ, aŋŋʊŋ; awuŋɪ | |||
| who | wape | wʊval | kane | ngheh neh; ɲehneh | nɛɛ | bo, bol | |||
| to eat | rɛp tahan | romba | lamal | ki-di | ki-di | di; som | dyo | dio | dze, dzɛ |
| to drink | ŋ-dekyah | tor | solaso | ku-mum | ki-mum | mum | kull | kollɔɔ | tɛa, tia |
| to go | n-kɔhan | mune | tʃa | kɔ | kɔ, ko | ko | kɔ, ko; kwa, kwe | kɔ; kwɛ | |
| to come | m-ba | batɛ | tʃalɛ | ki-dir | der | de | hun | hunɔɔ | na |
| to see | kɔt | pome | vʊrafo | nank | naŋk | kehkɛ | cillɔ, cɔɔ | tana | |
| to hear | nu | fonu | i-ne | tʊl | tʊl | tuei | koma | ||
| to kill | rama, remaŋ | rame | lama | ki-dif | ki-dif | dif | dyɛɛ | dii, diyɔɔ | dziva |
| to sleep | ndɛwa | yine | weyandɛ | i-ndira | dira | lull | hinilaŋ | dzava, dziva, da | |
| to burn | nɔmpaŋ | wore | faloŋ | tuin | kʊ-tɛ | toi | tʊin | lenɔɔ | die; noma |
| to say | yɛkaŋ; nɔmpaŋ | lamine | ŋam | ku-luku, lugu | kʊ-limber | fo | leH | dimio | wola, wol, woya |
| to know | mɛyaŋ | manta | fafoŋam | ki-tɛrɛ | kʊ-cara, carrago | ʈara | shɛɛ | mɛlɛŋgaa | |
| to give | n-dea | bat | lam; inkʊla | ki-dirɛ | kʊ-yira | yer | ka kah | kioo, kuɛ, kya | kee, kii, kia |
| to bite | m-ŋateŋ; m-cɛɛcaŋ | ɲɛt | ɲera | id-ŋyaŋ; ku-som | ki-naŋ; kɔ-som | ŋaŋ | kill | kiolɔɔ | kɛn, kin, kene |
| to sit | no, nɔhaŋ | ɲo | ŋon | ki-yira | yira | chall | calle | dzae, ja, dza, dzal | |
| to stand | m-tuwaŋ | im-puŋ | fʊ-maŋ | id-yɛfɛ | ka-yafa | poh; sem | sim | sia | |
| to die | n-ref | ŋrip | bel | ki-fi | ki-fi | fi | woo | wuo, wi, wu | fa |
| to fly | yoɸ | pempilɛ; ʃolɛ | sox | falʊr | kalʊr | falir | |||
| I | be; mu, min | biyɔ, buyɔ, bɔ | ɲin | mina | mi, minɛl | yang, yah, ah; mi | ma | moa, m, ma | |
| you | yi; ma; pirin | ne; bɔturu | ɲin | mina, muna | mɔna, mina, muna, manaŋ | munɔ | no, mɔ | ma | moa, m, ma |
| we | beetl biye; bit; mɔm | mini; bisi; muturu | pʊnɛ; pʊni | sɔ, sina, so | sʊnnaŋ | sa | hɛ; hin | ŋ | sem, se |
Rice agriculture-related vocabulary from Edda L. Fields-Black (2008) are given below.
| English gloss | Mbulungish | Mboteni | Nalu | Sitem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| salt | mbes | ɔ-mbɛl | mer (< Proto-Atlantic *-mer) | |
| oil palm | yiis | m-siis / a-siis | ||
| seasonal stream | bɔlɔŋ / cubɔlɔŋ; para / cipparaŋ; ipal / appalleŋ | pɔl | m-tɛsɛ / a-tɛsɛ | |
| small seasonal stream | masaleŋ | ilex / alexeŋ | ||
| tree used to fabricate the short fulcrum shovel and the shovel handle | ki-mal | m-silaa / a-silaa | ||
| red mangrove (Rhizophora racemosa) used to fabricate the short or long fulcrum shovel | ki-kiɲc / ɛ-kiɲcil; ku-wɔl / a-wɔlleŋ | e-ma, ɛ-ma / a-ma | m-mak / a-mak | a-kinc / kinc |
| rice cultivated in the red mangroves | malɔ bɛ kinycilpon / cimmalɔŋ bɛ kiɲcilpon | for ɛma | ||
| white mangroves (Avicennia africana) | yɔp / ki-yɔp | e-wɛleŋ, weleŋ / awelleŋ | m-yɔɔf / a-yɔɔf | kopir / copir |
| rice cultivated in the white mangroves | malɔ biyɔppon / cimalɔ ciyɔppon | maafer | ||
| order given by the elder to begin fieldwork | fɔfuduŋ | kusɔkɔp | ||
| enough water in the mangrove field to begin fieldwork | asofɔilawola | dumun dɛncmɛ dukubora | ||
| order given by the elder to stop fieldwork | senden afanc | aŋkatefer | ||
| harvest ceremony (pre-Islam) | xesara lemma | kuwurɛ malɔ | ||
| order given to begin the harvest | ndebe loŋŋon | kitɛl kufɔlɔ | ||
| fulcrum shovel handle | kur capɔn / cukurkappon; ki-ti akɔp / ɛ-ti akɔp | ndii kɔp | m-kuŋgbala / a-kuŋgbala | |
| small pieces of wood used to reinforce shovel foot when tying it to handle (could be bamboo or the stalk of the red mangrove) | wac / cuwacel | i-xare / aŋ-xare | m-ba iŋkifɔhlasen / a-ba iŋkifɔhlasen m-caanahsen / a-caanahsen | mɛ-kɪnc |
| shovel blade | a-fenc / e-fenccel | ma-fanc / a-fanc | ||
| sculpted blade of fulcrum shovel | kɔp nyetelpon | i-cel / aɲ-cel | ||
| to sharpen the fulcrum shovel blade | a-fenc gbat | inʊmi cel | m-namtah / a-namtah | |
| vine used to attach shovel foot to handle | ntel / ɛteelleŋ | aɲcel | m-nintamp / a-nintamp | dɛ-tɛmpa / s-tɛmpa |
| to clear the red mangroves to make the large dike | ɛ-cɛp | asaɓɛn wucer akuvɔr | ||
| to burn the rice hay before the rainy season | muxalɔmppasinal | kɪcɔs yikaya malɔ | ||
| to trace the grand dike | ki-bereŋ wurtɛ | wac nxɔfɔrn | ||
| to cut the earth with the shovel to make the dike | abereŋ yɛkɛt / cibereŋ yɛkɛt | ebaxacakca | ||
| to cut weeds and separate two ridges | awul | m-sɔɔaŋ / a-sɔɔaŋ | kɪ-cɛs | |
| to walk on the weeds to diminish their size | i-camanasen | ma-daka / a-daka | kɪ-namp | |
| to cut the weeds on the bottom before turning soil with the shovel | iŋcɛpel mɔlɔ inpenna; a-cappa | ma-cɛsa / a-cɛsa | kɪ-cɛs yika | |
| first turning of the weeds and soil with fulcrum shovel | bɔŋwaca; ki-cɛp / a-cappa; a-beret / ɛ-beret | afanc | m-kes / a-kes | |
| one shovelful of earth | for | ma-bees / a-bees | damba / samba | |
| to walk on weeds for a second time | elɛrpɛrnanasɔxɔl | m-ŋakten / a-ŋakten | ||
| to tuck weeds into the soil with hands or feet | walta | ayixil; ibaxanas (feet are used in the fields); ibaxayekel (hands are used in the nursery) | kɪ-nas anɛk | |
| second turning of the soil to cover the weeds with fulcrum shovel | bɔŋkubut; awupur | m-wupur / a-wupur | ||
| short fulcrum shovel | ki-taŋgbaŋ / ci-taŋgbaŋŋel | aŋ-kumbɛl; faa-aŋkumbɛl (for repairing the dikes and other small jobs in the field and around the village) | ma-kumbal / a-kumbal | |
| long fulcrum shovel (2 to 4 meters long) | kɔp kokilannɛ / ci-kɔppel kokilannɛ | ɛ-lar (for use when turning the earth for the first time) | m-kɔp lanna / a-kɔp lanna | |
| ancestral fulcrum shovel used without metal blade | kɔp amaŋkre cel / su kɔpamaŋ i-cel | |||
| dike / mound | ki-bereŋ / ci-bereŋ | axɔɓɛrn / aŋxɔɓɛrn | ma-bɔŋɛn / a-bɔŋɛn | |
| ridge | ɛ-nɛk / ki-nɛk | e-nɛk / a-nɛk | ma-nɛk / a-nɛɛk | a-nɛk |
| furrow | ku-bont / a-bontol | e-won / a-won | m-sumuunt / a-sumuunt | |
| to sow in rows | a-sappa | suk mmao | ma-cɛɛp | kɪ-cɛp tɛcɪr |
| to sow in the fields | a-meŋker | mbuŋma asina | ||
| to sow by broadcasting | malɔ pɛn | mboo mmao | ma-yara | kɪ-glal ka malɔ |
| to sow directly in the field | afur mmao | ma-yaara | ||
| to sow directly, done tightly | axɔfɛl | m-dafeet / a-dafeet | kɪ-fɪlfɪl; kɪ-gbɛɛ malɔ | |
| to sow directly, done tightly and then to pull up some seedlings and leave some | malɔ seŋ | mɓɛlmmalon | ||
| to sow directly, done loosely | malɔ bɛ kabatɛŋŋɛ biliŋmpon | maasɛpna | m-yolyolen / a-yolyolen | |
| to sow on flat land | bɔkitefɛ | maaxɔfɔla | ||
| first rice nursery | tabla mbuŋŋund kamao | kɪsɪmɪ kɪɪnɪkicɔkɔ cɔkɔ | ||
| second rice nursery | mbuŋna asenden | kɪsɪmɪ kamɛrɛŋ | ||
| too much water beneath the rice nursery | asoyokokinin mmao | kiŋkankla dumun | ||
| normal cycle of the rice nursery | fam mmao | ocomas | ||
| to wash bottom of germinated rice seedlings before transplanting | abɔxɔr mmao | ki-yaak malɔ | ||
| to attach germinated rice seedlings | ɛra mmao | ku-kutus malɔ | ||
| to put the attached and germinated rice seedlings in water before transplanting | ndepman asɔla | aŋgbɛ midirɛ | ||
| to cover the seeds with banana leaves | malɔ gbopret / cimmallɔŋ gbepret | wofor mmao | kukumpus malɔ | |
| germinated seedlings | ɛ-tiebelaŋŋa ɛcɔlcen | axɔfɛl | m-kicɛɛpa / a-kicɛɛpa | malɔ mopoŋ |
| seedlings that did not germinate | malɔ tɔti / cim-mallɔŋtɔti; malɔ beabuwɔcɛ | maamaŋ kulum | malɔ mɛlɛcɛ | |
| to pull up weeds with the hands | ɔtulut | iŋkur awewen | ||
| to transplant | belaŋ ɔcɔlɛ; a-sappa | iwaaso | m-cɛɛpa | pa-cɛɛp; tøk yɔkɔ an luksɪrnɛ kɪ-bɔf mɔ |
| to weed after replanting | iŋkur aɓaɓɛn | kʊwas malɔ | ||
| to clean the canal to begin fieldwork | wuxucer aso | kɪfɪnc kibɔŋɛn | ||
| to open the canal | bamcaɔtɔ | imuaxurtuŋun | m-bannataŋ / a-bannataŋ | kɪ-ŋɛr |
| to evacuate the water when the rice is ripe | ɛbɛlaso kamato | malɔ mɔlɔl | ||
| to close the canal | wulci; ɔtɔcaŋ | caimuarumtuŋ | m-laŋŋaŋ / a-laŋŋaŋ | kɪ-ŋiri |
| end of the canal | bampɛtɔtipotɛ / cim-bammelpɛcitɔtipetɛ | alubana | ||
| canal used to evacuate water from field | bampetelɔtɔ / cim-bampetɔlɔtɔ | tuŋ / suruŋ | m-tisɔɔtɔ / a-tisɔɔtɔ; m-sumunt / a-sumunt | dɪk wurɛ du mun; dobo |
| principal drain | kubŋkum | tuŋ / suruŋ | ||
| secondary drain | mawuŋkummul | fatuŋ / fam suruŋ | ||
| to guard the rice field from predators during the hungry season | a-kecek mmel | ma-lɛɛm kabafrɛ / a-lɛɛm kabafrɛ | kɪ-bum | |
| temporary shelter in the rice field | agbɔŋk / agbɔŋkel | iŋgaɲcaŋ | ma-gbɔɔŋk kamtɔh / a-gbɔɔŋk kamtɔh | ʊ-bal dalɛ tetek |
| to move to the field until the harvest | ncebel asina | siŋkɔdalɛ dikidirɛ | ||
| harvest | malɔ ɛtɛl | mɓɛr | ma-bit / a-bit | kɪ-tɛl ka malɔ |
| to evacuate the harvested rice to the dike so that it will not get wet | yokon mal awultɔŋ | patel dikibɔŋɛn | ||
| small handful / pile of harvested rice | ɛra mmao | malɔ kɪcaka | ||
| large pile of rice arranged with the grains on the inside | maasuŋ saŋ kappa | amboc kur | ||
| to fan rice | kɔ-fuŋŋa | m-fentah | kɪ-foy | |
| to fan rice with fanner | malɔ petel | afoi mmao | kɪ-gbap malɔ | |
| to fan rice with wind | malɔ fuŋŋa | wuluŋ mmao | kɪ-foi malɔ | |
| rice fanner | ki-rɛbɛ / ci-rɛbɛ | kɛbei | m-dɛhɛn | kɪ-rɛbɛ / cɪ-rɛbɛ |
| to mill rice | ka-tampa | icɛr | ma-maθ | |
| to mill rice for first time | malɔ tampa | yuŋkapt mmaun | kɪ-sɛpɪr; kɪ koŋos | |
| to mill rice for second time | malɔ bekɛbiritɛ | wuŋ ailim | anxɔ diksɛpɪt | |
| to mill daily rations of rice with feet | malɔ ɛcɛɛk ɛsupun | sux mmao | ||
| daily ration of rice | maalɔw / maŋŋalɔ | malɔ medi | ||
| area where rice is beaten | tɛtek kubɔrton | aɓoma | ma-tana | |
| to cover the rice after beating but before fanning it | wupurmaayɔŋŋɔn | pakis malɔ | ||
| to transport the rice to the granary | suŋ maarun | kɪsarɛ malɔ | ||
| rice granary for seeds | tɛlɛ pasansi | |||
| to dry the parboiled rice | fambɛn mmao aruful | kɪ cɛɛs | ||
| to distribute cooked rice for consumption | wal malɔn | kiyeres yɛɛc | ||
| calabash in which rice was served | isar mmao | pɛpɛ | ||
| wooden bowl in which rice was served | ifɛrl | po-ros / si-ros | ||
| rice is spoiled, because it was prepared with too much fire and smoke | mmambɛl fus | yɛɛc yɛntɛɛ | ||
| weeds used to reinforce the big mound | kɛp / ci-kɛppel | seɲɲel won | m-hoof / a-hoof | |
| water moss | a-fuc / ku-fuccel | afuɲc | m-cufran / a-cufran | kɪ-foc kadumun |
| new field with no mounds or ridges | avent | m-bitik / a-bitik | kɪ-pɪr | |
| to make new ridges | abeta / abetelaŋ | |||
| field on high ground whose soil is sandy | ɔtɔ yɛiboŋkorolɛ / ɔtɔllɔŋ yɛciboŋkoroŋ | aninannces | ||
| field lying fallow | cakara ɛnɛkicot; bɔŋ bɛ pepiyɛcilɛ / cimboŋŋel pepiyecilɛ | m-woskamtɔh atilɛbah / a-woskamtɔh watilɛbah | ||
| low-lying area | timbilɛ apol / citimbilɛŋŋel | iniyapɔŋ | m-cumbaaŋ / a-cumbaaŋ | |
| rice husk | m-kisɛɛŋŋa / a-kisɛɛŋŋa | ʊ-fɔnta / fɔtʊ | ||
| rice seed | agba agbaleŋ | axɔfɔl mmao | m-kofok ka maro / a-kofok ka maro | |
| threshed, unmilled rice | malɔ bipɛc / cimmalɔ ciabolɛ | maŋkul | m-maaro tabobor / a-maaro tabobor | malɔ mɔbomba |
| pounded rice | caaki / cicakileŋ | manduŋŋund | m-maaro ntɔɔn / a-maaro ntɔɔn | malɔ mɔsɔkɪr |
| rice straw | malɔ baba tampa | mamiŋ kɛlɛcɛr | m-maaro nsimaθ / a-maaro nsimaθ | malɔ mɔtɔ sɛpɪr |
| rice grain | caaki | maŋkul | m-maaro yaaŋka / a-maaro yaaŋka | malɔ mɛgbɪntɛ |
| rice broken during processing | mɛɲim / cimmɛɲim | aɲcakas | m-ɲin ka maaro / a-ɲin ka maaro | |
| parboiled rice | malɔ yiŋŋin / cimmalɔ yiŋŋin | aruful | m-maaro nton / a-maaro nton | malɔ mocuf / talɔ pocuf |
| cooked rice | ɔro | mandul | m-fɛɛf / a-fɛɛf | yɛc |
| rice broth made with rice flour | baxa | mbɔs ammasam; alafa | m-mɔni / a-mɔni | |
| rice broth made with rice | mɔni | mbɔs; asowasa | m-baha / a-baha | |
| to form grain | malɔ fuŋŋa | m-yeenɲcaŋ | ||
| head of the rice plant | kapa malɔ / ciŋkapel amalɔ “literally head of rice” | kap mmao / saŋka mmao | m-ki ka mba putna / a-ki ka aba putna | do-bomp da malɔ “literally head of rice plant” |
| early-maturing rice variety | mabaxa | m-rɛfnaha / a-rɛfnaha | malɔ mɔkɔ mɔ nunkɛnɛ | |
| cluster | m-tɔnsɔ / a-tɔnsɔ | kɪ-ncɔnc / ŋcɔnc | ||
| beginning of gestation | awal siŋŋapaŋŋal | m-lafkam lah / alafkam lah | malɔ mɛlɛk cor | |
| rice in gestation period | maawul | malɔ melɛ cor | ||
| rice forming the head | maafutuŋ | malɔ kuwurus | ||
| rice plants in the same field form heads at different times | maalɔ mdafutuŋŋul | kunɔmkul malɔ | ||
| approaching the rainy season | ɛllɛ lɛpɛr | mɔlɔfɛ | ||
| rainy season | tɛmeisa | kuiyoŋ | m-tɛm kamkaak a-tɛm kamkaak | tɛm ta kɪfe |
| cold season | wɔɔppipepi | sɔɔ | m-hɔɔh kamcacŋah / a-hɔɔh kamcacŋah | |
| beginning of the rainy season | tɔ-lɔfɛ | tablɛ eleɓɛr; elɛpɛr | ma-lɔɔfɛ / a-lɔɔfɛ | |
| beginning of fieldwork | kitaŋkɛmɛc | sux mmao; ku-sɔk mmao | ||
| end of the rainy season | kayɛmin / ci-kayɛmin | elɛlɛŋ | ||
| end of the rainy season, hungry season | elɛlɛŋ; ɛlɛlaŋ | m-lank / a-lank | ||
| hungry season | tcippelɛmpep wori | laŋ | ɲin sabɔk / ɲinnɛ sabɔk | |
| surveillance period | yilaŋxɔc | kɪmɔmɔn kɪbora | ||
| dry season | abanan / tɛmu abanan | m-hɔɔh kamθabraan / a-hɔɔh kamθabraan | kɪ-tɪŋ |