its late attestation and shape indicate probable transmission during Middle Mongol period. ᠬᠠᠷᠠ (qar-a, “black”) + ᠊ᠭᠠᠢ (-ɣai), compare Mongolian хар...
the second element recurring in other animal names. *bulugan sable Middle Mongol: Arabic: بولغان (bulɣan) (Muqaddimat) Chinese: 補剌哈 (補剌哈) (Beilu Yiyu)...
Nugteren reconstructs *nexe-, but the Middle Mongol data seem better explained through the common assimilation of *-ixe- to *-exe-. The raising found...
*ešgek, presumably Proto-Turkic *eĺč-(gek) + *-gen. *eljigen donkey Middle Mongol: Arabic: ايلجيكان (eljigen) (Muqaddimat), ايلجكَنْ (eljigen) (Leiden...
the middle vowel in Muqaddimat is unexplained. From Proto-Turkic *koŕï + *-gan, see Turkish kuzu. *kurïgan lamb *konïn (“sheep”) Middle Mongol: Arabic:...
ending with unclear semantics. *kïmusun nail, claw *sabar (“claw”) Middle Mongol: Mongolian: ᠬᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤᠨ (kimusun) Arabic: قيموسون (qimusun) (Muqaddimat)...
*ire- to come *yabu- (“to go”) *eci- (“to go”) *od- (“to go”) Middle Mongol: Mongolian: ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦᠢ (ireküi) Arabic: ايره (ire-), ايرا (ire-), اير (ir(e)-)...
Proto-Turkic *yogan (“thick”) (Turkish yoğun) by EDAL. *jujaxan thick Middle Mongol: Mongolian: ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ǰuǰaɣan) Arabic: جوجآن (juja'an) (Muqaddimat) Chinese:...
Perhaps cognate with Khitan 𘲆 (*û). *ög- to give *ab- (“to take”) Middle Mongol: Mongolian: ᠥᠭᠬᠦᠢ (öɣküi) Phags-pa: ꡝꡦꡡꡂ (ʾeog-) Arabic: اوك, اك (ög-)...
are all well documented or regular. *ide- to eat *uxu- (“to drink”) Middle Mongol: Mongolian: ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ (ideküi) Phags-pa: ꡝꡞ ꡊꡦ (ʾi-de) Arabic: ايدا (ide-)...