Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/rundeti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Nasal-infix verb from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).[1]
Verb
*rundeti
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *rundū | *rundemam | *rirudsū | *rīrouda |
| 2nd singular | *rundesi | *rundetās | *rirudsesi | *rīroudas? |
| 3rd singular | *rundeti | *rundeto | *rirudseti | *rīroude |
| 1st plural | *rundomosi | *rundemo | *rirudsomosi | *rīroudmo |
| 2nd plural | *rundetesi | *rundestē | *rirudsetesi | *rīrousse |
| 3rd plural | *rundonti | *rundento | *rirudsonti | *rīroudars |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *routsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *routsesi | ? | *runde | |
| 3rd singular | *routseti | ? | *rundetou | |
| 1st plural | *routsomosi | ? | *rundomos | |
| 2nd plural | *routsetesi | ? | *rundete | |
| 3rd plural | *routsonti | ? | *rundontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *rundūr | — | *rirudsūr | *rīroudra |
| 2nd singular | *rundetar | — | *rirudsetar | *rīroudras? |
| 3rd singular | *rundetor | ? | *rirudsetor | *rīroudre |
| 1st plural | *rundommor | — | *rirudsommor | ? |
| 2nd plural | *rundedwe | — | *rirudsedwe | ? |
| 3rd plural | *rundontor | ? | *rirudsontor | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *routsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *routsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *routsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *routsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *routsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *routsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the present participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *rundonts | *rundonte | *rundontes |
| vocative | *rundonts | *rundonte | *rundontes |
| accusative | *rundontam | *rundonte | *rundontans |
| genitive | *rundantos | *? | *rundantom |
| dative | *rundantei | *rundantbom | *rundantbos |
| instrumental | *rundantī? | *rundantbim | *rundantbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *rundantī | *rundantī | *rundantiyās |
| vocative | *rundantī | *rundantī | *rundantiyās |
| accusative | *rundantīm | *rundantī | *rundantiyans |
| genitive | *rundantyās | *? | *rundantyom |
| dative | *rundantyāi | *rundantyābom | *rundantyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *rundantyābim | *rundantyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *rundont | *? | *rundonta |
| vocative | *rundont | *? | *rundonta |
| accusative | *rundont | *? | *rundonta |
| genitive | *rundantos | *? | *rundantom |
| dative | *rundantei | *? | *rundantbos |
| instrumental | *rundantī? | *? | *rundantbis |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *russos | *russou | *russoi |
| vocative | *russe | *russou | *russoi |
| accusative | *russom | *russou | *russons |
| genitive | *russī | *russous | *russom |
| dative | *russūi | *russobom | *russobos |
| instrumental | *russū | *russobim | *russobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *russā | *russai | *russās |
| vocative | *russā | *russai | *russās |
| accusative | *russam | *russai | *russans |
| genitive | *russās | *russous | *russom |
| dative | *russai | *russābom | *russābos |
| instrumental | *? | *russābim | *russābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *russom | *russou | *russā |
| vocative | *russom | *russou | *russā |
| accusative | *russom | *russou | *russā |
| genitive | *russī | *russous | *russom |
| dative | *russūi | *russobom | *russobos |
| instrumental | *russū | *russobim | *russobis |
Related terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ru-n-d-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 317