Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hüvä
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably related to Northern Sami savvit (“to heal”), from common *šiwä, *šüwä. Has been proposed by Koivulehto (2009) to be an Indo-Iranian loan (compare Sanskrit शिव (śiva, “auspicious, favorable”)), but Holopainen (2019) rejects this etymology. Further often compared to Erzya чив (čiv, “good”), but according to Holopainen (2019), this must derive from earlier *čewä, which proves an obstacle (but compare *jüvä < earlier *jewä).
Adjective
*hüvä
Inflection
Inflection of *hüvä
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *hüvä | *hüvät | |
| accusative | *hüvän | *hüvät | |
| genitive | *hüvän | *hüväden *hüveiden | |
| partitive | *hüvädä | *hüveidä | |
| inessive | *hüvässä *hüvähnä |
*hüveissä *hüveihnä | |
| elative | *hüvästä | *hüveistä | |
| illative | *hüvähen | *hüveihen | |
| adessive | *hüvällä | *hüveillä | |
| ablative | *hüvältä | *hüveiltä | |
| allative | *hüvälen *hüvälek |
*hüveilen *hüveilek | |
| essive | *hüvänä | *hüveinä | |
| translative | *hüväksi | *hüveiksi | |
| instructive | *hüvän | *hüvein | |
| comitative | *hüvänek | *hüveinek | |
| abessive | *hüvättä | *hüveittä | |
Descendants
- Estonian: hea, hüva, (dialectal) hää
- Finnish: hyvä
- Ingrian: hyvä
- Karelian:
- Livonian:
- Ludian: hüvä
- Veps: hüvä
- Võro: hüvä, hüä, hää
- Votic: üvä
References
- ^ Koivulehto, Jorma. 2009. "Etymologisesti hämäriä -(is)tA-johdosverbejä, lainoja ja omapohjaisia". In: Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 92.
- ^ Holopainen, Sampsa. 2019. Indo-Iranian borrowings in Uralic : Critical overview of sound substitutions and distribution criterion. . pp. 138–139.
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN