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Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/külmä. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/külmä, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/külmä in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä, possibly borrowed from Baltic (compare Lithuanian geluma), and if so, ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *gel-. Cognates include Komi-Permyak кын (kyn) and Proto-Samic *këlmētēk (“to be cold”).
Adjective
*külmä
- cold
Inflection
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
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singular
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plural
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nominative
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*külmä
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*külmät
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accusative
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*külmän
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*külmät
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genitive
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*külmän
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*külmäden *külmeiden
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partitive
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*külmädä
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*külmeidä
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inessive
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*külmässä *külmähnä
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*külmeissä *külmeihnä
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elative
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*külmästä
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*külmeistä
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illative
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*külmähen
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*külmeihen
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adessive
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*külmällä
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*külmeillä
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ablative
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*külmältä
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*külmeiltä
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allative
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*külmälen *külmälek
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*külmeilen *külmeilek
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essive
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*külmänä
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*külmeinä
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translative
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*külmäksi
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*külmeiksi
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instructive
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*külmän
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*külmein
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comitative
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*külmänek
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*külmeinek
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abessive
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*külmättä
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*külmeittä
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Descendants
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN