Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/raaka
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrawaz.
Adjective
*raaka[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *raaka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *raaka | *raagat | |
| accusative | *raagan | *raagat | |
| genitive | *raagan | *raakadën *raakoidën | |
| partitive | *raakada | *raakoida | |
| inessive | *raagassa *raagahna |
*raagoissa *raagoihna | |
| elative | *raagasta | *raagoista | |
| illative | *raakahën | *raakoihën | |
| adessive | *raagalla | *raagoilla | |
| ablative | *raagalta | *raagoilta | |
| allative | *raakalën *raakalëk |
*raakoilën *raakoilëk | |
| essive | *raakana | *raakoina | |
| translative | *raagaksi | *raagoiksi | |
| instructive | *raagan | *raagoin | |
| comitative | *raakanëk | *raakoinëk | |
| abessive | *raagatta | *raagoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: raag- (in compound: raagnahk)
- Finnish: raaka
- →? Votic: raaka (“raw”) (rare, Jõgõperä)
- Ingrian: raaka
- Karelian:
- Livonian: rǭgõ- (in compound: rǭgõmīez)
- Livvi: ruagu
- Veps: rag
References
Further reading
- “raag-”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “raaka¹”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *rahō.
Noun
*raaka[1]
- wooden pole
- branch (on a tree, etc.)
- (nautical) yard (horizontal spar on the mast of a sailing ship)
Inflection
Inflection of *raaka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *raaka | *raagat | |
| accusative | *raagan | *raagat | |
| genitive | *raagan | *raakadën *raakoidën | |
| partitive | *raakada | *raakoida | |
| inessive | *raagassa *raagahna |
*raagoissa *raagoihna | |
| elative | *raagasta | *raagoista | |
| illative | *raakahën | *raakoihën | |
| adessive | *raagalla | *raagoilla | |
| ablative | *raagalta | *raagoilta | |
| allative | *raakalën *raakalëk |
*raakoilën *raakoilëk | |
| essive | *raakana | *raakoina | |
| translative | *raagaksi | *raagoiksi | |
| instructive | *raagan | *raagoin | |
| comitative | *raakanëk | *raakoinëk | |
| abessive | *raagatta | *raagoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: raag (“(bare) twig”)
- Finnish: raaka (“yard (especially on a mast)”)
- Ingrian: raaka (“flail”)
- Karelian:
- ⇒ Livonian: rǭgõz (“twig, branch”)
- Livvi: ruagu (“stick, wooden pole”)
- Ludian: ruag (“fishing pole”)
- Veps: rag (“twig, wooden pole”)
- ⇒ Võro: raagõs (“twig”)
- Votic: raakõ (“branch, twig”)
References
Further reading
- “raag”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “raaka²”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN