Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hufą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kewp- (“to bend, arch, vault”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxu.ɸɑ̃/

Noun

*hufą n

hill, elevated place
house, hall, estate

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *hufą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hufą	*hufō
vocative	*hufą	*hufō
accusative	*hufą	*hufō
genitive	hufas, hufis	*hufǫ̂
dative	*hufai	*hufamaz
instrumental	*hufō	*hufamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hof
- Old English: hof
  - Middle English: *hof, *hove
    - Scots: hoff, howf, hoif, hoiff
    - ⇒ Middle English: hovel, hovil, hovylle (diminutive)
      - English: hovel
- Old Frisian: hof
  - North Frisian: hof, höf, haaf
  - Saterland Frisian: Hoaf
  - West Frisian: hôf, hou
- Old Saxon: hof
  - Middle Low German: hof
    - German Low German: Hoff
    - Plautdietsch: Hoff
    - → Danish: hof
    - → Estonian: hoov
    - → Norwegian: hoff
    - → Old Swedish: hof
      - Swedish: hov, hof (up until the 1906 spelling reform)
        → Finnish: hovi
        → Finnish: huovi
      - → Finnish: hovi
- Frankish: *huf, *hof
  - Old Dutch: *hof
    - Middle Dutch: hof
      - Dutch: hof
        Afrikaans: hof
        Negerhollands: hofje, hofi, hoffie (from the diminutive)
        → Papiamentu: hòfi, hoffie (from the diminutive)
      - Limburgish: haof, hoof
      - → Scots: howf, hauf, houf, houff, houffe, hooff, howff
        → English: howf
  - →⇒ Old French: huvelet
- Old High German: hof
  - Middle High German: hof
    - Bavarian: Hof
      - Cimbrian: hof, hoff
      - Mòcheno: hof
    - Central Franconian: Hoff, Hof, Hoaf
      - Luxembourgish: Haff
    - German: Hof, Hoff (in family names, otherwise obsolete)
      - → English: hof
    - Pennsylvania German: Hof
    - Yiddish: הויף (hoyf)
Old Norse: hof
- Icelandic: hof
- Faroese: hov
- Norwegian Nynorsk: hov, hov
- Danish: hov
- Swedish: hov
- → English: hof

References

Gerhard Köbler, Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed. (2014).

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hufą

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