Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/luftuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

According to Kroonen, from Proto-Indo-European *lubʰ-tu-s, from *lewbʰ- (“to peel, break off, damage”) (whence also *laubą (“leaf”)); this may be linked to Russian луб (lub, “bast”), Old Prussian lubbo (“bast, plank”) and therefore have an original meaning of "roof (fashioned from peeled bark)". The Indo-European root has been taken as an extension of a root *lew- (“to cut away, remove, prune”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈluɸ.tuz/

*luftuz m

1. roof
2. roof of the earth, firmament; heavens, sky
3. atmosphere
4. air

• *luftijaną
• *luftīnaz

• *lubją
• *luftą

• Proto-West Germanic: *luftu, *lufti
  • Old English: lyft (< *lufti)
    • Middle English: luft, lift
      • English: loft, lift
      • Scots: luft, lift
  • Old Frisian: luft, lufte, *loft
    • Saterland Frisian: Luft
    • West Frisian: loft
  • Old Saxon: luft, luht
    • Middle Low German: luft, lucht
      • Low German: Lucht, Luft
        • East Frisian Low Saxon: Loft
        • Plautdietsch:

          Volhynian: Lift

      • → Saterland Frisian: Lucht
      • → Faroese: luft, luktur (“smell”)
      • → Norwegian: luft, lukt (“smell”)
      • → Swedish: luft, lukt (“smell”)
      • → Danish: luft, lugt (“smell”)
  • Old Dutch: luft, luht
    • Middle Dutch: lucht, locht
      • Dutch: lucht, lugt (obsolete)
        • Afrikaans: lug
        • Javindo: luch, luh
        • Jersey Dutch: lœxt
        • → Sranan Tongo: loktu
        • → West Frisian: lucht
  • Old High German: luft; luht (northern)
    • Middle High German: luft; lucht
      • German: Luft
        • → English: luft
        • → Czech: luft
        • → Luxembourgish: Loft
        • → Kashubian: lëft
        • → Polish: luft
        • → Silesian: luft
      • Central Franconian: Luft, Loft, Loff (originally south-eastern); Luucht, Luuch, Luht, Lueht (northern and western, now only for “space”)
        • Hunsrik: Luft
        • Luxembourgish: Luucht, Lut
      • East Central German:

        Lusatian: Luffd

        Vilamovian: łöft

      • Pennsylvania German: Luft
      • Yiddish: לופֿט (luft)
• Old Norse: lopt n, loft (< *luftą)
  • Icelandic: loft
  • Faroese: loft
  • Norwegian: loft
  • Swedish: loft
  • Danish: loft, luft
  • → Old English: loft
    • Middle English: lofte
      • Scots: loft, laft
      • English: loft
  • → Irish: lochta, lafta, lofta, lota, lochda (obsolete)
• Gothic: 𐌻𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌿𐍃 (luftus)