Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nabją

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Has been taken as a derivative from *nabō (“nave”), with sense development "nave" > "protuberance, knob" > "nose, beak",^[1] as well as to Gaulish nebba (“bill”).^[2] Compare also Proto-Germanic *snabulaz (“snout”), Lithuanian snãpas (“snout”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈnɑβ.jɑ̃/

Noun

*nabją n

(of a bird) beak
(of a human) nose
Synonym: *nasō

Inflection

neuter ja-stemDeclension of *nabją (neuter ja-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*nabją	*nabjō
vocative	*nabją	*nabjō
accusative	*nabją	*nabjō
genitive	nabjas, nabis	*nabjǫ̂
dative	*nabjai	*nabjamaz
instrumental	*nabjō	*nabjamiz

Related terms

*nappōną
*snabulaz (possibly)
*snūbaną (possibly)

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *nabi
- Old English: nebb, neb; nypel
  - Middle English: neb; *neble, *nypil, *neple
    - Scots: neb; nebbie; nebbock
    - English: neb; nib; nipple
      - → Dutch: nippel
      - → German: Nippel
        → Danish: nippel
- Old Frisian: *neb, *nib
  - Saterland Frisian: Nib
  - West Frisian: neb
- Old Saxon: *nebbi
  - Middle Low German: nebbe, nibbe
    - German Low German: Nibbe, Nipp, Niff, Nüff
      - → Occitan: nefa
      - → Italian: niffo, niffa
      - → Picard: nifler; niflette
      - → Walloon: r'nonflé
      - → French: nifler
        ⇒ French: renifler
      - → Galician: nifrar
    - → Old Swedish: næb n, næbber m
      - Swedish: näbb
- Old Dutch: *nebbi
  - Middle Dutch: nebbe, neb, nyb
    - Dutch: nebbe, neb
- Old High German: *nebbi, *neppi
  - Middle High German:
    - Alemannic German: niffen
    - Bavarian: niffela
  - → Galician: napia
Old Norse: nef; nebbi
- Icelandic: nef; nebbi
- Faroese: nev, nebb, nebbi
- Norn: nev
- Norwegian: nebb
- Old Swedish: næf
  - Swedish: näv (dialectal)
- Danish: næb

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*naƀjan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 279
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*nabja-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 380

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*naƀjan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 279

[2] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*nabja-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 380

[1]

[2]