Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/siniz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*senaz, *sinaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“of last year, old”). Cognate with Lithuanian sẽnas (“old, previous, ancient”), Latin senex (“old, aged, advanced in years; old man”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsi.niz/

Adjective

*siniz

old

Inflection

Declension of *siniz (i-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*siniz	*sinī	sinį, -jatō	*sinjai	*sinjôz	*sinjō
accusative	*sinjanǭ	*sinjǭ	sinį, -jatō	*sinjanz	*sinjōz	*sinjō
genitive	sinjas, sinis	*sinjaizōz	sinjas, sinis	*sinjaizǫ̂	*sinjaizǫ̂	*sinjaizǫ̂
dative	*sinjammai	*sinjaizōi	*sinjammai	*sinjaimaz	*sinjaimaz	*sinjaimaz
instrumental	*sinjanō	*sinjaizō	*sinjanō	*sinjaimiz	*sinjaimiz	*sinjaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sinjô	*sinjǭ	*sinjô	*sinjaniz	*sinjōniz	*sinjōnō
accusative	*sinjanų	*sinjōnų	*sinjô	*sinjanunz	*sinjōnunz	*sinjōnō
genitive	*sininiz	*sinjōniz	*sininiz	*sinjanǫ̂	*sinjōnǫ̂	*sinjanǫ̂
dative	*sinini	*sinjōni	*sinini	*sinjammaz	*sinjōmaz	*sinjammaz
instrumental	*sininē	*sinjōnē	*sininē	*sinjammiz	*sinjōmiz	*sinjammiz

Descendants

Old English: sine-, sin- (prefix)
- Middle English: sin-, sen- (prefix)
  - English: sengreen (in one compound)
Old Frisian: sin, sin-
Old Saxon: sin, sin-
Old High German: sin-
- Middle High German: singrüene, sinhol, sinwel, sintvluot, sintvluz, sintvarwe, sintwāc
  - German: Sintflut; (archaic) Singrün
Old Norse: sina; sí-
- Icelandic: sina
- Norwegian: sina (dialectal)
- Swedish: sina (dialectal)
Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs); 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (sinists)