Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turnaz

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ (“piece; toft”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

*turnaz

  1. bitter, embittered

Inflection

Declension of *turnaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *turnaz *turnō *turną, -atō *turnai *turnôz *turnō
accusative *turnanǭ *turnǭ *turną, -atō *turnanz *turnōz *turnō
genitive *turnas, -is *turnaizōz *turnas, -is *turnaizǫ̂ *turnaizǫ̂ *turnaizǫ̂
dative *turnammai *turnaizōi *turnammai *turnaimaz *turnaimaz *turnaimaz
instrumental *turnanō *turnaizō *turnanō *turnaimiz *turnaimiz *turnaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *turnô *turnǭ *turnô *turnaniz *turnōniz *turnōnō
accusative *turnanų *turnōnų *turnô *turnanunz *turnōnunz *turnōnō
genitive *turniniz *turnōniz *turniniz *turnanǫ̂ *turnōnǫ̂ *turnanǫ̂
dative *turnini *turnōni *turnini *turnammaz *turnōmaz *turnammaz
instrumental *turninē *turnōnē *turninē *turnammiz *turnōmiz *turnammiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *torn

Noun

*turnaz m

  1. bitterness, anger; wrath
  2. discord

Inflection

Declension of *turnaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *turnaz *turnōz, *turnōs
vocative *turn *turnōz, *turnōs
accusative *turną *turnanz
genitive *turnas, *turnis *turnǫ̂
dative *turnai *turnamaz
instrumental *turnō *turnamiz

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*turna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527
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