Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wakrōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *wakraz (“awake”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwɑk.rɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*wakrōną

to wake up, to rouse

Inflection

Conjugation of *wakrōną (weak class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*wakrō	*wakrǭ	—	*wakrōi	?
2nd singular	*wakrōsi	*wakrōs	*wakrō	*wakrōsai	*wakrōsau
3rd singular	*wakrōþi	*wakrō	*wakrōþau	*wakrōþai	*wakrōþau
1st dual	*wakrōs	*wakrōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*wakrōþiz	*wakrōþiz	*wakrōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*wakrōmaz	*wakrōm	—	*wakrōnþai	*wakrōnþau
2nd plural	*wakrōþ	*wakrōþ	*wakrōþ	*wakrōnþai	*wakrōnþau
3rd plural	*wakrōnþi	*wakrōn	*wakrōnþau	*wakrōnþai	*wakrōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wakrōdǭ	*wakrōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*wakrōdēz	*wakrōdēdīz
3rd singular	*wakrōdē	*wakrōdēdī
1st dual	*wakrōdēdū	*wakrōdēdīw
2nd dual	*wakrōdēdudiz	*wakrōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*wakrōdēdum	*wakrōdēdīm
2nd plural	*wakrōdēdud	*wakrōdēdīd
3rd plural	*wakrōdēdun	*wakrōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*wakrōndz	*wakrōdaz

Related terms

*wakaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *wakkrōn
- Old Frisian: wekkria
  - ⇒ West Frisian: oanwakkerje
- Old Saxon: *wakkaron
  - Middle Low German: *wackeren
    - ⇒ Middle Low German: vörwackeren
- Old Dutch: *wackeron
  - Middle Dutch: wackeren
    - Dutch: wakkeren
      - ⇒ Dutch: aanwakkeren
- Old High German: *wakkarōn
  - ⇒ Old High German: irwakkarōn
    - Middle High German: erwackeren
Old Norse: vakra
- Icelandic: vakra

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wakrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wakrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442