Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/windaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ- (“to turn, wind, braid”). Cognate with Old Armenian գինդ (gind, “ring”).[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *windō | *windaų | — | *windai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *windizi | *windaiz | *wind | *windazai | *windaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *windidi | *windai | *windadau | *windadai | *windaidau | |
| 1st dual | *windōz | *windaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *windadiz | *windaidiz | *windadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *windamaz | *windaim | — | *windandai | *windaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *windid | *windaid | *windid | *windandai | *windaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *windandi | *windain | *windandau | *windandai | *windaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *wand | *wundį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *wanst | *wundīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *wand | *wundī | ||||
| 1st dual | *wundū | *wundīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *wundudiz | *wundīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *wundum | *wundīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *wundud | *wundīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *wundun | *wundīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *windandz | *wundanaz | ||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Old English: windan
- Old Frisian: winda
- Old Saxon: windan
- Old Dutch: *windan
- Old High German: wintan
- Old Norse: vinda
- Gothic: *𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*windan) (in derivates)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*windan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 587
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*wenđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 454