Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵéwseti

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Thematic root present of *ǵews- (“to taste, try”).[1]

Verb

*ǵéwseti (imperfective)[2]

  1. to taste, try, choose

Inflection

Imperfective, thematic
3rd singular *ǵéwseti
3rd plural *ǵéwsonti
Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *ǵéwsoh₂ *ǵéwsom — *ǵéwsōh₂ *ǵéwsoyh₁m̥
2nd singular *ǵéwsesi *ǵéwses *ǵéwse *ǵéwsēsi *ǵéwsoys
3rd singular *ǵéwseti *ǵéwset *ǵéwsetu *ǵéwsēti *ǵéwsoyt
1st dual *ǵéwsowos *ǵéwsowe — *ǵéwsōwos *ǵéwsoywe
2nd dual *ǵéwsetes *ǵéwsetom *ǵéwsetom *ǵéwsētes *ǵéwsoytom
3rd dual *ǵéwsetes *ǵéwsetām *ǵéwsetām *ǵéwsētes *ǵéwsoytām
1st plural *ǵéwsomos *ǵéwsome — *ǵéwsōmos *ǵéwsoyme
2nd plural *ǵéwsete *ǵéwsete *ǵéwsete *ǵéwsēte *ǵéwsoyte
3rd plural *ǵéwsonti *ǵéwsont *ǵéwsontu *ǵéwsōnti *ǵéwsoyh₁n̥t
Participle *ǵéwsonts
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *ǵéwsoh₂er *ǵéwsoh₂e — *ǵéwsōh₂er *ǵéwsoyh₂e
2nd singular *ǵéwseth₂er *ǵéwseth₂e *ǵéwseso *ǵéwsēth₂er *ǵéwsoyth₂e
3rd singular *ǵéwsetor *ǵéwseto *? *ǵéwsētor *ǵéwsoyto, *ǵéwsoyh₁o
1st dual *ǵéwsowosdʰh₂ *ǵéwsowedʰh₂ — *ǵéwsōwosdʰh₂ *ǵéwsoywedʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *ǵéwsomosdʰh₂ *ǵéwsomedʰh₂ — *ǵéwsōmosdʰh₂ *ǵéwsoymedʰh₂
2nd plural *ǵéwsedʰh₂we *ǵéwsedʰh₂we *ǵéwsedʰh₂we *ǵéwsēdʰh₂we *ǵéwsoydʰh₂we
3rd plural *ǵéwsontor *ǵéwsonto *? *ǵéwsōntor *ǵéwsoyro
Participle *ǵéwsomnos

Descendants

  • ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *guseti (“to choose”)[3]
  • Proto-Germanic: *keusaną (“to trial, select”)[2] (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *géuhō
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́áwšati[4] (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*g̑eu̯s-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 166-167
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*keusan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 286
  3. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gus-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 169
  4. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*zauš”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 473
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