Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱréddʰh₁eti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *ḱḗr ~ *ḱr̥d-és (“heart”) + *-dʰh₁eti.[1]
Verb
*ḱréddʰh₁eti (perfective)[2][3]
Inflection
| Imperfective, thematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *ḱréddʰh₁eti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *ḱréddʰh₁onti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *ḱréddʰh₁oh₂ | *ḱréddʰh₁om | — | *ḱréddʰh₁ōh₂ | *ḱréddʰh₁oyh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *ḱréddʰh₁esi | *ḱréddʰh₁es | *ḱréddʰh₁e | *ḱréddʰh₁ēsi | *ḱréddʰh₁oys |
| 3rd singular | *ḱréddʰh₁eti | *ḱréddʰh₁et | *ḱréddʰh₁etu | *ḱréddʰh₁ēti | *ḱréddʰh₁oyt |
| 1st dual | *ḱréddʰh₁owos | *ḱréddʰh₁owe | — | *ḱréddʰh₁ōwos | *ḱréddʰh₁oywe |
| 2nd dual | *ḱréddʰh₁etes | *ḱréddʰh₁etom | *ḱréddʰh₁etom | *ḱréddʰh₁ētes | *ḱréddʰh₁oytom |
| 3rd dual | *ḱréddʰh₁etes | *ḱréddʰh₁etām | *ḱréddʰh₁etām | *ḱréddʰh₁ētes | *ḱréddʰh₁oytām |
| 1st plural | *ḱréddʰh₁omos | *ḱréddʰh₁ome | — | *ḱréddʰh₁ōmos | *ḱréddʰh₁oyme |
| 2nd plural | *ḱréddʰh₁ete | *ḱréddʰh₁ete | *ḱréddʰh₁ete | *ḱréddʰh₁ēte | *ḱréddʰh₁oyte |
| 3rd plural | *ḱréddʰh₁onti | *ḱréddʰh₁ont | *ḱréddʰh₁ontu | *ḱréddʰh₁ōnti | *ḱréddʰh₁oyh₁n̥t |
| Participle | *ḱréddʰh₁onts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *ḱréddʰh₁oh₂er | *ḱréddʰh₁oh₂e | — | *ḱréddʰh₁ōh₂er | *ḱréddʰh₁oyh₂e |
| 2nd singular | *ḱréddʰh₁eth₂er | *ḱréddʰh₁eth₂e | *ḱréddʰh₁eso | *ḱréddʰh₁ēth₂er | *ḱréddʰh₁oyth₂e |
| 3rd singular | *ḱréddʰh₁etor | *ḱréddʰh₁eto | *? | *ḱréddʰh₁ētor | *ḱréddʰh₁oyto, *ḱréddʰh₁oyh₁o |
| 1st dual | *ḱréddʰh₁owosdʰh₂ | *ḱréddʰh₁owedʰh₂ | — | *ḱréddʰh₁ōwosdʰh₂ | *ḱréddʰh₁oywedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *ḱréddʰh₁omosdʰh₂ | *ḱréddʰh₁omedʰh₂ | — | *ḱréddʰh₁ōmosdʰh₂ | *ḱréddʰh₁oymedʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *ḱréddʰh₁edʰh₂we | *ḱréddʰh₁edʰh₂we | *ḱréddʰh₁edʰh₂we | *ḱréddʰh₁ēdʰh₂we | *ḱréddʰh₁oydʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *ḱréddʰh₁ontor | *ḱréddʰh₁onto | *? | *ḱréddʰh₁ōntor | *ḱréddʰh₁oyro |
| Participle | *ḱréddʰh₁omnos | ||||
Derived terms
- *ḱreddʰh₁-éh₂
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćradᶻdʰáH (see there for further descendants)
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćradᶻdʰádʰaHti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śraddádʰaHti
- Sanskrit: श्रद्दधाति (śraddádhāti)[4]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śraddádʰaHti
- Proto-Celtic: *kreddīti (see there for further descendants)[5]
- Proto-Italic: *krezðō (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 99; 418: “*ḱred-dʰeh₁-”
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 134f
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “crēdō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 141-142
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śraddhā́-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 663
- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “Urinselkelt. *-dī- 'setzen'”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 278-81