Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ter-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*ter-

2. tender, weak
4. young creature

• Unsorted formations:
  • Albanian: trim
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: թոռն (tʻoṙn)
    • Middle Armenian: թարմ (tʻarm)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tarnas
    • Lithuanian: tar̃nas (“servant”)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: τέρυ (téru, “weak, small”), τέρην (térēn, “smooth, gentle”), τεράμων (terámōn, “becoming soft by boiling”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tárunas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tárunas
      • Sanskrit: तरुण (táruṇa, “young”), तर्ण (tárṇa, “calf”), तर्णक (tárṇaka, “any young animal”)
        • Romani: tarno (“young”)
    • Proto-Iranian: *tárunah
      • Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬥𐬀 (ta^uruna, “the young of humans and animals”)
      • Middle Persian: (tarōk, “young”), (tōrūk, “young dog”)
      • Ossetian:
        • Digor: тӕрин (tærin), тӕрна (tærna)
        • Iron: тыры́н (tyrýn), тыр (tyr)
      • Persian: تر (tar, “wet”), توله (tôla, “whelp”), ترانه (tarâna, “a handsome youth”)
      • Sogdian: (trn /⁠tarun⁠/, “tame, gentle”)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: (possibly) tardus
    • Latin: (possibly) tener
    • Latin: (possibly) termes
    • Sabine: terenum (“soft”)

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “²ter-, teru-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1070 of 1070, 1071
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թարմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page թոռն of 161, 198
• Abajev, V. I. (1979) “²tæryn, tyryn | tærna”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 280