Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/wertō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wértti (“to be turning around”), from the root *wert- (“to turn, rotate”).[1]
Verb
*wertō first-singular present indicative
- to turn
Inflection
The perfect stem *wort- is dereduplicated from original *wowort-.
| Inflection of *wertō (third conjugation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *wertō | |
| Perfect | *wortai | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *worssos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *wertō | *wertōr |
| 2nd sing. | *wertes | *wertezo |
| 3rd sing. | *wertet | *wertetor |
| 1st plur. | *wertomos | *wertomor |
| 2nd plur. | *wertetes | *wertem(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *wertont | *wertontor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *wertām | *wertār |
| 2nd sing. | *wertās | *wertāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *wertād | *wertātor |
| 1st plur. | *wertāmos | *wertāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *wertātes | *wertām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *wertānd | *wertāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | *wortai | |
| 2nd sing. | *wortistai? | |
| 3rd sing. | *wortei | |
| 1st plur. | *wortme? | |
| 2nd plur. | *worte | |
| 3rd plur. | *wortēri | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *werte | *wertezo |
| 2nd plur. | *wertete | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *wertetōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *wertents | *worssos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *worssum | *wertezi | |
Derived terms
- *kom-wertō
- *werssōr (*-tōr agent noun)
- Oscan: ϝερσορει (wersorei, dat. sg.)
Descendants
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ve/ortō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 666-7