Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṯūm-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Alternative forms
Noun
*ṯūm- m[2]
Inflection
Declension of *ṯūm-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ṯūmum | *ṯūmāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ṯūmim | *ṯūmayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ṯūmam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ṯūmī / *ṯūmVya | — | *ṯūmVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ṯūmVka | *ṯūmVkumā / *ṯūmVkumay | *ṯūmVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ṯūmVki | *ṯūmVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ṯūmVšu | *ṯūmVšumā / *ṯūmVšumay | *ṯūmVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ṯūmVša | *ṯūmVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ṯūmuya for nom. case, *ṯūmiya for gen. case, *ṯūmaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ṯūm-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ṯūm-
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Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒋧 (šūmū)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: ثُوم (ṯūm), فُوم (fūm) — Classical Arabic
- Aramaic:
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: שׁוּם (shum, šûm)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- Ge'ez: ሱም (sum)
- Modern South Arabian:
- Mehri: ṯəmēt
- Shehri: ṯuhm
- Central Semitic:
References
- ^ van Putten, Marijn (2017) “The illusory Yemenite connection of Andalusi Arabic”, in Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik, volume 66, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, , page 10
- ^ Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 203