Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žęti

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gémtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gem-. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek γέντο (génto, “grasped”), Norwegian kumla (“to knead, squeeze”).

Verb

*žęti[1][2]

  1. to press, squeeze
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žęti, *žę, *žьmetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žętьje *žęti *žętъ *žęlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žętъ *žьmomъ
Active *žьmъ *žьmy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žęsъ *žę *žę *žьmǫ *žьmeši *žьmetь
Dual *žęsově *žęsta *žęste *žьmevě *žьmeta *žьmete
Plural *žęsomъ *žęste *žęsę *žьmemъ *žьmete *žьmǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žьměaxъ *žьměaše *žьměaše — *žьmi *žьmi
Dual *žьměaxově *žьměašeta *žьměašete *žьměvě *žьměta —
Plural *žьměaxomъ *žьměašete *žьměaxǫ *žьměmъ *žьměte —
Descendants
  • Church Slavonic: жѧти (žęti) (Serbian)
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gínˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰén-ye-ti, from *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”). No exact cognates in Baltic, but related to Lithuanian genė́ti (“to prune, hem”), Latvian dzenêt (“to prune, hem”).

Verb

*žę̀ti[3][4]

  1. to reap, mow
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žęti, *žę, *žьňetь (?, -unknown-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žętьje *žęti *žętъ *žęlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žętъ *žьňemъ
Active *žьnъ *žьňę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žęsъ *žę *žę *žьňǫ *žьňeši *žьňetь
Dual *žęsově *žęsta *žęste *žьňevě *žьňeta *žьňete
Plural *žęsomъ *žęste *žęsę *žьňemъ *žьňete *žьňǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žьněaxъ *žьněaše *žьněaše — *žьňi *žьňi
Dual *žьněaxově *žьněašeta *žьněašete *žьňivě *žьňita —
Plural *žьněaxomъ *žьněašete *žьněaxǫ *žьňimъ *žьňite —
Conjugation of *žęti, *žę, *žьnetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žętьje *žęti *žętъ *žęlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žętъ *žьnomъ
Active *žьnъ *žьny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žęsъ *žę *žę *žьnǫ *žьneši *žьnetь
Dual *žęsově *žęsta *žęste *žьnevě *žьneta *žьnete
Plural *žęsomъ *žęste *žęsę *žьnemъ *žьnete *žьnǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žьněaxъ *žьněaše *žьněaše — *žьni *žьni
Dual *žьněaxově *žьněašeta *žьněašete *žьněvě *žьněta —
Plural *žьněaxomъ *žьněašete *žьněaxǫ *žьněmъ *žьněte —
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • “Proto-Slavic/žęti”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žęti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561: “v. (b) ‘press, squeeze’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žęti: žьmǫ žьmetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b trykke (SA 203, 248, 251; PR 136)”
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žę̀ti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561: “v. (b) ‘reap, mow’”
  4. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žęti: žьnǫ žьnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b høste (SA 203, 212f., 248, 250; PR 136)”
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