Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krasti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Per LIV, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *krā́ˀtei + *-sti (dʰé-conjugation), perhaps back-formed from the proto dʰi-imperative, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreh₂- (“to take, to gather”). Cognate with ye-present Latvian krât (“to gather, to heap”), Lithuanian krosnis (“oven”), Albanian krydh (“to steal, sneak”).

Daughter languages disagree on the exact accentology - South Slavic tends to have circumflex present stem and mobilility as expected from Meillet's law (similar to analogous *klasti), while Old Russian evinces for fixed acute paradigm. This is sometimes attributed to the influence of the perfective *kràdnǫti.

Dialectal Bulgarian also exhibits reflexes of athematic conjugation крам impf (kram, “to lurk into (in order to steal)”), of unclear diachronic origin.

*kràsti impf (perfective *kradnǫti)^[1][2][3]

1. to steal, to rob
2. (reflexive) (+ *sę) to get into position to steal

• *kradati

Verbs:

• *jьzkrasti, *jьzkradati
• *okrasti, *okradati
• *pokrasti, *pokradati
• *sъkrasti, *sъkradati
• *ukrasti, *ukradati
• *zakrasti, *zakradati

Nouns:

• *kradenьje, *kradnь (“stealing, robbery”) (verbal nouns)
• *kraďa (“steal”), *kraďьba (“theft, robbery”)
• *kradežь, *kradьba (“thievery”)
• *kradьcь, *kradačь, *kradičь, *kradunъ, *kradějь (“thief”)
• *kradьlivъ (“larcenous”)

• *kryti (“to conceal”)

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: кра́сці (krásci)
  • Russian: красть (krastʹ)
  • Ukrainian: кра́сти (krásty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: красти (krasti)

  • Bulgarian: крада́ (kradá); dial. кра́дя (krádja) (formally from *kraditi)
  • Macedonian: краде (krade)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кра̏сти

    Latin script: krȁsti

  • Slovene: krásti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: krásti
    • Czech: krást
  • Kashubian: krasc
  • Polish: kraść
  • Silesian: kraś
  • Slovak: krаsť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kradnyć
    • Lower Sorbian: kšadnuś

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “красть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*krasti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 102
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “крада”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 704