Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kupiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Causative of *kupъ (“heap, pile”) +‎ *-iti. Akin to Lithuanian kaũpti (“to pile up, to dig up”)^[1].

In modern languages, mostly superseded by the Germanic loanword *kupiti (“to purchase”) (Etymology 2).

*kupìti impf^[2]

1. to pile, to gather

• *sъvъkupiti (“to assemble”)
• *kupitьba (“collection”)
• *kupьščina (“pile, assembly”)
• *kupišče (“stack, large amount”)
• *kupьnъ (“piled, gathered”)
  • *kupьno (“together, simultaneously”) (adverb)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: купитисѧ (kupitisę)
    • Belarusian: купі́ць (kupícʹ)
    • Russian: купи́ть (kupítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: ку́питися (kúpytysja)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: купя́ (kupjá) (obsolete)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ку̏пити

    Latin script: kȕpiti

  • Slovene: kupíti?
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: kupit?
  • Polish: kupić (obsolete)
  • Slovak: kúpiť, kopiť

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kupiti (sę) II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 112

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kaupijaną (“to trade”) probably via Gothic (compare Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌽 (kaupōn)), itself from Latin caupō (“tradesman”), possibly ultimately from Hittite 𒄩𒀊𒉺𒅈 (ḫappar, “purchase, price”)^[3] (from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep-). The Germanic lemma is also loaned in Finnish kaupita.

*kupìti pf (imperfective *kupovati)^[4][5]

1. to buy, to trade

• *kupъ (“purchase, stock”)
  • *podъkupъ (“bribe”)
  • *otъkupъ (“ransom”)
  • *pokupъka (“purchase”)

• *kupľa (“trade”)
• *kupľьnъ (“commercial”)
• *kupьcь (“trader, buyer”)
• *kupьčьjь (“merchant”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: купити (kupiti)
    • Old Ruthenian: купи́ти (kupíti)
      • Belarusian: купі́ць (kupícʹ)
      • Ukrainian: купи́ти (kupýty)
    • Russian: купи́ть (kupítʹ)
      • ⇒ Russenorsk: kopom
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: кꙋпити (kupiti)

    ⇒ Romanian: precupeți (via the agent noun *kupьcь)

  • Bulgarian: ку́пя (kúpja)
  • Macedonian: купи (kupi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ку́пити

    Latin script: kúpiti

  • Slovene: kupīti, kúpiti
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: kúpiti
    • Czech: koupit
  • Kashubian: kùpic
  • Old Polish: kupić
    • Polish: kupić
  • Silesian: kupić
  • Slovak: kúpiť
  • Slovincian: kùpjic
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kupić
    • Lower Sorbian: kupiś

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “купить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kupiti I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 109
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “купя”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 142