Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/město
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *moyth₂- (“to change place”) + *-to, substantivized from an earlier adjective. Cognate with Pashto مېشت (mēšt, “settled”) (< *máištah). Likely not a direct cognate, but still possibly related to Lithuanian maĩstas (“nourishment, food”).
The secondary sense “city, urban center” is a calque of Old High German stat < Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“stead, place”).
Noun
- (primary) place, location
- (secondary, in Northern Slavic) city, town, settlement
Declension
Declension of *mě̀sto (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *mě̀sto | *mě̀stě | *mě̀sta |
| genitive | *mě̀sta | *mě̀stu | *mě̀stъ |
| dative | *mě̀stu | *mě̀stoma | *mě̀stomъ |
| accusative | *mě̀sto | *mě̀stě | *mě̀sta |
| instrumental | *mě̀stъmь, *mě̀stomь* | *mě̀stoma | *mě̀stȳ |
| locative | *mě̀stě | *mě̀stu | *mě̀stě̄xъ |
| vocative | *mě̀sto | *mě̀stě | *mě̀sta |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *městiti (“to move, to change location”)
- *poměščenьje (“room, space”)
- *městьce, *městъko (diminutive)
- *městina (“space”)
- *městьnъ (“local”)
- *městьnikъ (“local”)
- *městьnostь (“vicinity”)
- *městovъ (“locative”)
- *vъměsto, *naměsto (“instead”); *vъměstě (“along with”) (adverbs)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ме́сто”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*město”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 203
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “място”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 446
- “miestas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “mesto”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *mě̋sto”
- ^ Kim, Ronald (2021) “Slavic-Iranian contacts. Linguistic relations”, in Encyclopaedia Iranica Online, Brill: “*mēsta ‘place’ (OCSl. město; Pol. miasto, Cz. město ‘city’) < OIr. *maista-”
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mě̀sto”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 313: “n. o (a) ‘place’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “město”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; MP 24; RPT 111)”