Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stolъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stálas (“table; seat, chair”), generally viewed as a derivative of *stati (“to stand”) + *-elъ. Analogous to Proto-Germanic *stōlaz (full-grade), whence Old East Slavic стулъ (stulŭ, “chair”) via Old Norse or early Low German.
In the past, a relation to Proto-Slavic *stelti, *stьlati (“to spread, to lay”) was considered (e.g. by Mladenov, Machek), with possible cognates Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “stone block”), στῦλος (stûlos, “pillar”). Nowadays, usually dismissed.
Noun
- seat (chair or stool)
- table, stall (possibly secondary)
- throne
- residence (Should we delete(+) this sense?)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *stòlъ | *stolà | *stolì |
| genitive | *stolà | *stolù | *stòlъ |
| dative | *stolù | *stolòma | *stolòmъ |
| accusative | *stòlъ | *stolà | *stolỳ |
| instrumental | *stolъ̀mь, *stolòmь* | *stolòma | *stòly |
| locative | *stolě̀ | *stolù | *stòlěxъ |
| vocative | *stole | *stolà | *stolì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
In Czech, Polish:
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *stòlъ | *stolỳ | *stolòve |
| genitive | *stolù | *stolòvu | *stolòvъ |
| dative | *stolòvi | *stòlъma | *stolъ̀mъ |
| accusative | *stòlъ | *stolỳ | *stolỳ |
| instrumental | *stolъ̀mь | *stòlъma | *stòlъmī |
| locative | *stòlu | *stolòvu | *stolъ̀xъ |
| vocative | *stolu | *stolỳ | *stolòve |
Derived terms
- Nouns:
- Adjectives:
- *stolovъ (relational adjective)
- *stolьnъ
- *stolьnina, *stolьnica (“throneroom, court”)
- *stolьnikъ (“courtier”)
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “стол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стол¹”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 472
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stòlъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “stolъ stola”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b table, chair (NA 118; SA 146f., 172, 177; PR 134)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “stol”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *stolъ̏”