Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/suka

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*suka i *ščenęta

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

Unknown. There are several proposals:

Less likely related to *cu (interjection, used to call out the dogs) > *cucьkъ (“dog”). Borrowing from Old Persian *𐏂𐎣 (*çaka-) (see Persian سگ (sag)) is also unlikely.

For the suffix *-(ъ)ka, *-(ь)ka forming female animal names cf. *aščerъka, *kotъka, *lišьka, *jalovъka.

Reconstruction notes

The word is sometimes reconstructed as *sǫka, but most linguists reject this (Polish *sęka, Polabian *sǫko expected). This reconstruction assumes that Polish suka is borrowed from Old Ruthenian *сука (*suka), which is unlikely. Even if the Polish word is a loanword, the Polabian word still clearly indicates *suka.

Noun

*sùka f

  1. (North Slavic) bitch (female dog)

Declension

Declension of *sùka (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *sùka *sùcě *sùky
genitive *sùky *sùku *sùkъ
dative *sùcě *sùkama *sùkamъ
accusative *sùkǫ *sùcě *sùky
instrumental *sùkojǫ, *sùkǭ** *sùkama *sùkamī
locative *sùcě *sùku *sùkasъ, *sùkaxъ*
vocative *sùko *sùcě *sùky

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 439
  2. ^ Králik, Ľubor (2016) “suka”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 565
  3. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “suka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 586
  4. ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “су́ка”, in Етимологічний словник української мови (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 469
  5. ^ The template Template:R:be:ESBM does not use the parameter(s): 
    url=suka
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2010), “су́ка”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы (in Belarusian), volumes 13 (су- – трапка́ч), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
  6. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg (1960) Происхождение названий домашних животных в славянских языках (in Russian), Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House, page 21: “Слав. suka ― Slav. suka”

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “су́ка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Vasmer, Max (1958) “сука́”, in Russisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 2) (in German), volumes 3 (Sta – Ÿ), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Carl Winter, →ISBN, page 42
  • Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “сука”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка (in Russian), volumes 2: (Начать – Я), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 394
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “су́ка”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 217
  • Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “suka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, page 525
  • The template Template:R:pox:SejDp does not use the parameter(s): 
    3=5
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Polański, Kazimierz (1993) “sau̯ko || sai̯ko”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich (in Polish), number 5 (sahi – ťüzǝc), Warszawa: Energeia, page 677
  • Krylov, G. A. (2004) “сука”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN, page 381
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